Color foveated display devices and methods of making the same

ABSTRACT

A display device includes a display panel having a first emission region and one or more second emission regions disposed adjacent to the first emission region. The display device includes a plurality of light emitters, arranged in the first emission region, corresponding to a first color gamut and a plurality of light emitters, arranged in the one or more second emission regions, corresponding to a second color gamut that is distinct from the first color gamut. A method for making a display device with a plurality of light emitters corresponding to a first color gamut in a first emission region and a plurality of light emitters corresponding to a second color gamut in a second emission region is also described.

RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 16/171,135, filed Oct. 25, 2018, entitled “ColorFoveated Display Devices And Methods Of Making The Same,” which isincorporated by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This relates generally to head-mounted display devices, and morespecifically to optical components used in head-mounted display devices.

BACKGROUND

Head-mounted display devices (also called herein head-mounted displays)are gaining popularity as means for providing visual information tousers.

One or more display panels used in the head-mounted display devices havea plurality of light emitters configured to emit light. The head-mounteddisplay devices consume a significant amount of power for driving aplurality of light emitters arranged in the one or more display panelsthat provide high-color fidelity images in the entire display panels.However, human eyes have a non-uniform color vision across a field ofview because color sensing cones are concentrated in a foveal region ofthe eyes.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, there is a need for the head-mounted display devices thatprovide high-color fidelity images only for a foveal region of the eyesthereby reducing the power consumption of the display devices.

The above deficiencies and other problems are reduced or eliminated bythe disclosed devices, systems, and methods.

In accordance with some embodiments, a display device includes a displaypanel configured to project light, the display panel having a pluralityof emission regions that includes a first emission region and one ormore second emission regions. The first emission region is distinct fromand mutually exclusive to the one or more second emission regions andthe one or more second emission regions are disposed adjacent to thefirst emission region. The display device includes a plurality of lightemitters, arranged in the first emission region, corresponding to afirst color gamut and a plurality of light emitters, arranged in the oneor more second emission regions, corresponding to a second color gamut.The second color gamut is distinct from the first color gamut.

In accordance with some embodiments, a method of making a display deviceincludes arranging a plurality of light emitters, that corresponds to afirst color gamut, in a first emission region of a display panel havinga plurality of emission regions and arranging a plurality of lightemitters, that corresponds to a second color gamut, in one or moresecond emission regions of the display panel. The first emission regionis distinct from and mutually exclusive to the one or more secondemission regions and the one or more second emission regions aredisposed adjacent to the first emission region. The first color gamut isdistinct from the second color gamut.

Thus, the disclosed embodiments provide devices and methods that reducepower consumption.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of the various described embodiments,reference should be made to the Description of Embodiments below, inconjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numeralsrefer to corresponding parts throughout the figures.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a display device in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a system including a display device inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a display device in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 4 illustrates a chromaticity diagram in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 5 illustrates a display panel in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 6 illustrates a plurality of light emitters arranged in a pluralityof emission regions in a display panel in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 7 illustrates a chromaticity diagram indicating a color shift inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8A represents a color gamut of light emitted from a display panelthat is linearly reduced in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8B represents a color gamut of light emitted from a display panelthat is linearly reduced in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8C represents a color gamut of light emitted from a display panelthat is quadratically reduced in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8D represents a color gamut of light emitted from a display panelthat is horizontally reduced in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8E illustrates images that are displayed on a display panel inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 9A illustrates a display panel having a plurality of light emittersthat is configured to emit light of a uniform representative color in arespective emission region in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 9B illustrates a display panel having a plurality of light emittersthat is configured to emit light of one or more representative colors ina respective emission region in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 9C illustrates a display panel having a plurality of emissionregions with different densities of a plurality of light emitters inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 9D illustrates subpixels of a display panel in accordance with someembodiments.

FIGS. 9E and 9F illustrate display panels in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 10A illustrates a display panel having the one dimensional displaylayout that includes at least one linear array of a plurality of lightemitters in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10B illustrates a display panel having a plurality of emissionregions that has a different density of a plurality of light emitters inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10C illustrates a display panel having a plurality of emissionregions that has a different density of a plurality of light emitters inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10D illustrates a display panel having a plurality of lightemitters in a respective linear layer that has different luminousefficacy in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10E illustrates a display panel having a plurality of lightemitters in a respective linear layer that operates at different currentdensities in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10F illustrates a display panel having a plurality of lightemitters in a respective linear layer that operates at different currentdensities in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of making a displaydevice in accordance with some embodiments.

These figures are not drawn to scale unless indicated otherwise.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Human eyes have a non-uniform color vision across a field of vision. Forexample, color sensing cones, which allow the perception of colors areconcentrated around the fovea of the eye. To reduce the powerconsumption of head-mounted display devices, a color foveated displayhaving multiple emission regions for providing images in different colorgamuts is used.

In the color foveated display, a plurality of light emitters arranged indifferent emission regions corresponds to respective color gamuts. Suchdisplay is configured by arranging light emitters having differentproperties (e.g., a light emitter type, luminous efficacy, brightness,material, etc.) into different emission regions, adjusting the spacingbetween light emitters for different emission regions, and/or adjustingthe current density for light emitters in different emission regions.Thus, the display reduces power consumption for computing, imageprocessing and displaying while increasing luminous efficiency of thedisplay and reducing cost to fabricate the display.

Reference will now be made to embodiments, examples of which areillustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description,numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide anunderstanding of the various described embodiments. However, it will beapparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the various describedembodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In otherinstances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, andnetworks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarilyobscure aspects of the embodiments.

It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc.are, in some instances, used herein to describe various elements, theseelements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used onlyto distinguish one element from another. For example, a first regioncould be termed a second region, and, similarly, a second region couldbe termed a first region, without departing from the scope of thevarious described embodiments. The first region and the second regionare both regions, but they are not the same region.

The terminology used in the description of the various describedembodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in thedescription of the various described embodiments and the appendedclaims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to includethe plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as usedherein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations ofone or more of the associated listed items. It will be furtherunderstood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or“comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence ofstated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/orcomponents, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or moreother features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components,and/or groups thereof. The term “exemplary” is used herein in the senseof “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not in thesense of “representing the best of its kind.”

As used herein, that a light emitter, a pixel, or a subpixel “has aparticular color” means that the light emitter, the pixel, or thesubpixel “is configured to provide light having the particular color.”Typically, a color of light emitted by a light emitter, a pixel, or asubpixel depends on one or more materials included in the light emitter,the pixel, or the subpixel (e.g., an organic material or an inorganicmaterial, such as a fluorescent material or an inorganic quantum well ordot, or a semiconductor material). For example, a light emitter, apixel, or a subpixel configured to provide a red color includes aluminumgallium arsenide, gallium arsenide phosphide, aluminum gallium indiumphosphide, and/or gallium phosphide; a light emitter, a pixel, or asubpixel configured to provide a green color includes aluminum galliumphosphide, aluminum gallium indium phosphide, and/or gallium phosphide;and a light emitter, a pixel, or a subpixel configured to provide a bluecolor includes zinc selenide, indium gallium nitride, and/siliconcarbide.

Embodiments described herein may include or be implemented inconjunction with an artificial reality system. Artificial reality is aform of reality that has been adjusted in some manner beforepresentation to a user, which may include, e.g., a virtual reality (VR),an augmented reality (AR), a mixed reality (MR), a hybrid reality, orsome combination and/or derivatives thereof. Artificial reality contentmay include completely generated content or generated content combinedwith captured (e.g., real-world) content. The artificial reality contentmay include video, audio, haptic feedback, or some combination thereof,and any of which may be presented in a single channel or in multiplechannels (such as stereo video that produces a three-dimensional effectto the viewer). Additionally, in some embodiments, artificial realitymay also be associated with applications, products, accessories,services, or some combination thereof, that are used to, e.g., createcontent in an artificial reality and/or are otherwise used in (e.g.,perform activities in) an artificial reality. The artificial realitysystem that provides the artificial reality content may be implementedon various platforms, including a head-mounted display (HMD) connectedto a host computer system, a standalone HMD, a mobile device orcomputing system, or any other hardware platform capable of providingartificial reality content to one or more viewers.

FIG. 1 illustrates display device 100 in accordance with someembodiments. In some embodiments, display device 100 is configured to beworn on a head of a user (e.g., by having the form of spectacles oreyeglasses, as shown in FIG. 1) or to be included as part of a helmetthat is to be worn by the user. When display device 100 is configured tobe worn on a head of a user or to be included as part of a helmet,display device 100 is called a head-mounted display. Alternatively,display device 100 is configured for placement in proximity of an eye oreyes of the user at a fixed location, without being head-mounted (e.g.,display device 100 is mounted in a vehicle, such as a car or anairplane, for placement in front of an eye or eyes of the user). Asshown in FIG. 1, display device 100 includes display 110. Display 110 isconfigured for presenting visual contents (e.g., augmented realitycontents, virtual reality contents, mixed reality contents, or anycombination thereof) to a user.

In some embodiments, display device 100 includes one or more componentsdescribed below with respect to FIG. 2. In some embodiments, displaydevice 100 includes additional components not shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of system 200 in accordance with someembodiments. The system 200 shown in FIG. 2 includes display device 205(which corresponds to display device 100 shown in FIG. 1), imagingdevice 235, and input interface 240 that are each coupled to console210. While FIG. 2 shows an example of system 200 including one displaydevice 205, imaging device 235, and input interface 240, in otherembodiments, any number of these components may be included in system200. For example, there may be multiple display devices 205 each havingassociated input interface 240 and being monitored by one or moreimaging devices 235, with each display device 205, input interface 240,and imaging devices 235 communicating with console 210. In alternativeconfigurations, different and/or additional components may be includedin system 200. For example, in some embodiments, console 210 isconnected via a network (e.g., the Internet) to system 200 or isself-contained as part of display device 205 (e.g., physically locatedinside display device 205). In some embodiments, display device 205 isused to create mixed reality by adding in a view of the realsurroundings. Thus, display device 205 and system 200 described here candeliver virtual reality, mixed reality, and augmented reality.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, display device 205 is ahead-mounted display that presents media to a user. Examples of mediapresented by display device 205 include one or more images, video,audio, or some combination thereof. In some embodiments, audio ispresented via an external device (e.g., speakers and/or headphones) thatreceives audio information from display device 205, console 210, orboth, and presents audio data based on the audio information. In someembodiments, display device 205 immerses a user in a virtualenvironment.

In some embodiments, display device 205 also acts as an augmentedreality (AR) headset. In these embodiments, display device 205 augmentsviews of a physical, real-world environment with computer-generatedelements (e.g., images, video, sound, etc.). Moreover, in someembodiments, display device 205 is able to cycle between different typesof operation. Thus, display device 205 operate as a virtual reality (VR)device, an AR device, as glasses or some combination thereof (e.g.,glasses with no optical correction, glasses optically corrected for theuser, sunglasses, or some combination thereof) based on instructionsfrom application engine 255.

Display device 205 includes electronic display 215, one or moreprocessors 216, eye tracking module 217, adjustment module 218, one ormore locators 220, one or more position sensors 225, one or moreposition cameras 222, memory 228, inertial measurement unit (IMU) 230,or a subset or superset thereof (e.g., display device 205 withelectronic display 215, one or more processors 216, and memory 228,without any other listed components). Some embodiments of display device205 have different modules than those described here. Similarly, thefunctions can be distributed among the modules in a different mannerthan is described here.

One or more processors 216 (e.g., processing units or cores) executeinstructions stored in memory 228. Memory 228 includes high-speed randomaccess memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM or other random access solidstate memory devices; and may include non-volatile memory, such as oneor more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices,flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices.Memory 228, or alternately the non-volatile memory device(s) withinmemory 228, includes a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.In some embodiments, memory 228 or the computer readable storage mediumof memory 228 stores programs, modules and data structures, and/orinstructions for displaying one or more images on electronic display215.

Electronic display 215 displays images to the user in accordance withdata received from console 210 and/or processor(s) 216. In variousembodiments, electronic display 215 may comprise a single adjustableelectronic display element or multiple adjustable electronic displayselements (e.g., a display for each eye of a user).

In some embodiments, the display element includes one or more lightemission devices and a corresponding array of emission intensity array.An emission intensity array is an array of electro-optic pixels,opto-electronic pixels, some other array of devices that dynamicallyadjust the amount of light transmitted by each device, or somecombination thereof. These pixels are placed behind one or more lenses.In some embodiments, the emission intensity array is an array of liquidcrystal based pixels in an LCD (a Liquid Crystal Display). Examples ofthe light emission devices include: an organic light emitting diode, anactive-matrix organic light-emitting diode, a light emitting diode, sometype of device capable of being placed in a flexible display, or somecombination thereof. The light emission devices include devices that arecapable of generating visible light (e.g., red, green, blue, etc.) usedfor image generation. The emission intensity array is configured toselectively attenuate individual light emission devices, groups of lightemission devices, or some combination thereof. Alternatively, when thelight emission devices are configured to selectively attenuateindividual emission devices and/or groups of light emission devices, thedisplay element includes an array of such light emission devices withouta separate emission intensity array.

One or more lenses direct light from the arrays of light emissiondevices (optionally through the emission intensity arrays) to locationswithin each eyebox and ultimately to the back of the user's retina(s).An eyebox is a region that is occupied by an eye of a user locatedproximity to display device 205 (e.g., a user wearing display device205) for viewing images from display device 205. In some cases, theeyebox is represented as a 10 mm×10 mm square. In some embodiments, theone or more lenses include one or more coatings, such as anti-reflectivecoatings.

In some embodiments, the display element includes an infrared (IR)detector array that detects IR light that is retro-reflected from theretinas of a viewing user, from the surface of the corneas, lenses ofthe eyes, or some combination thereof. The IR detector array includes anIR sensor or a plurality of IR sensors that each correspond to adifferent position of a pupil of the viewing user's eye. In alternateembodiments, other eye tracking systems may also be employed.

Eye tracking module 217 determines locations of each pupil of a user'seyes. In some embodiments, eye tracking module 217 instructs electronicdisplay 215 to illuminate the eyebox with IR light (e.g., via IRemission devices in the display element).

A portion of the emitted IR light will pass through the viewing user'spupil and be retro-reflected from the retina toward the IR detectorarray, which is used for determining the location of the pupil.Alternatively, the reflection off of the surfaces of the eye is used toalso determine location of the pupil. The IR detector array scans forretro-reflection and identifies which IR emission devices are activewhen retro-reflection is detected. Eye tracking module 217 may use atracking lookup table and the identified IR emission devices todetermine the pupil locations for each eye. The tracking lookup tablemaps received signals on the IR detector array to locations(corresponding to pupil locations) in each eyebox. In some embodiments,the tracking lookup table is generated via a calibration procedure(e.g., user looks at various known reference points in an image and eyetracking module 217 maps the locations of the user's pupil while lookingat the reference points to corresponding signals received on the IRtracking array). As mentioned above, in some embodiments, system 200 mayuse other eye tracking systems than the embedded IR one described above.

Adjustment module 218 generates an image frame based on the determinedlocations of the pupils. In some embodiments, this sends a discreteimage to the display that will tile subimages together thus a coherentstitched image will appear on the back of the retina. Adjustment module218 adjusts an output (i.e. the generated image frame) of electronicdisplay 215 based on the detected locations of the pupils. Adjustmentmodule 218 instructs portions of electronic display 215 to pass imagelight to the determined locations of the pupils. In some embodiments,adjustment module 218 also instructs the electronic display to not passimage light to positions other than the determined locations of thepupils. Adjustment module 218 may, for example, block and/or stop lightemission devices whose image light falls outside of the determined pupillocations, allow other light emission devices to emit image light thatfalls within the determined pupil locations, translate and/or rotate oneor more display elements, dynamically adjust curvature and/or refractivepower of one or more active lenses in the lens (e.g., microlens) arrays,or some combination thereof.

Optional locators 220 are objects located in specific positions ondisplay device 205 relative to one another and relative to a specificreference point on display device 205. A locator 220 may be a lightemitting diode (LED), a corner cube reflector, a reflective marker, atype of light source that contrasts with an environment in which displaydevice 205 operates, or some combination thereof. In embodiments wherelocators 220 are active (i.e., an LED or other type of light emittingdevice), locators 220 may emit light in the visible band (e.g., about400 nm to 750 nm), in the infrared band (e.g., about 750 nm to 1 mm), inthe ultraviolet band (about 100 nm to 400 nm), some other portion of theelectromagnetic spectrum, or some combination thereof.

In some embodiments, locators 220 are located beneath an outer surfaceof display device 205, which is transparent to the wavelengths of lightemitted or reflected by locators 220 or is thin enough to notsubstantially attenuate the wavelengths of light emitted or reflected bylocators 220. Additionally, in some embodiments, the outer surface orother portions of display device 205 are opaque in the visible band ofwavelengths of light. Thus, locators 220 may emit light in the IR bandunder an outer surface that is transparent in the IR band but opaque inthe visible band.

IMU 230 is an electronic device that generates calibration data based onmeasurement signals received from one or more position sensors 225.Position sensor 225 generates one or more measurement signals inresponse to motion of display device 205. Examples of position sensors225 include: one or more accelerometers, one or more gyroscopes, one ormore magnetometers, another suitable type of sensor that detects motion,a type of sensor used for error correction of IMU 230, or somecombination thereof. Position sensors 225 may be located external to IMU230, internal to IMU 230, or some combination thereof.

Based on the one or more measurement signals from one or more positionsensors 225, IMU 230 generates first calibration data indicating anestimated position of display device 205 relative to an initial positionof display device 205. For example, position sensors 225 includemultiple accelerometers to measure translational motion (forward/back,up/down, left/right) and multiple gyroscopes to measure rotationalmotion (e.g., pitch, yaw, roll). In some embodiments, IMU 230 rapidlysamples the measurement signals and calculates the estimated position ofdisplay device 205 from the sampled data. For example, IMU 230integrates the measurement signals received from the accelerometers overtime to estimate a velocity vector and integrates the velocity vectorover time to determine an estimated position of a reference point ondisplay device 205. Alternatively, IMU 230 provides the sampledmeasurement signals to console 210, which determines the firstcalibration data. The reference point is a point that may be used todescribe the position of display device 205. While the reference pointmay generally be defined as a point in space; however, in practice thereference point is defined as a point within display device 205 (e.g., acenter of IMU 230).

In some embodiments, IMU 230 receives one or more calibration parametersfrom console 210. As further discussed below, the one or morecalibration parameters are used to maintain tracking of display device205. Based on a received calibration parameter, IMU 230 may adjust oneor more IMU parameters (e.g., sample rate). In some embodiments, certaincalibration parameters cause IMU 230 to update an initial position ofthe reference point so it corresponds to a next calibrated position ofthe reference point. Updating the initial position of the referencepoint as the next calibrated position of the reference point helpsreduce accumulated error associated with the determined estimatedposition. The accumulated error, also referred to as drift error, causesthe estimated position of the reference point to “drift” away from theactual position of the reference point over time.

Imaging device 235 generates calibration data in accordance withcalibration parameters received from console 210. Calibration dataincludes one or more images showing observed positions of locators 220that are detectable by imaging device 235. In some embodiments, imagingdevice 235 includes one or more still cameras, one or more videocameras, any other device capable of capturing images including one ormore locators 220, or some combination thereof. Additionally, imagingdevice 235 may include one or more filters (e.g., used to increasesignal to noise ratio). Imaging device 235 is configured to optionallydetect light emitted or reflected from locators 220 in a field of viewof imaging device 235. In embodiments where locators 220 include passiveelements (e.g., a retroreflector), imaging device 235 may include alight source that illuminates some or all of locators 220, whichretro-reflect the light towards the light source in imaging device 235.Second calibration data is communicated from imaging device 235 toconsole 210, and imaging device 235 receives one or more calibrationparameters from console 210 to adjust one or more imaging parameters(e.g., focal length, focus, frame rate, ISO, sensor temperature, shutterspeed, aperture, etc.).

Input interface 240 is a device that allows a user to send actionrequests to console 210. An action request is a request to perform aparticular action. For example, an action request may be to start or endan application or to perform a particular action within the application.Input interface 240 may include one or more input devices. Example inputdevices include: a keyboard, a mouse, a game controller, data from brainsignals, data from other parts of the human body, or any other suitabledevice for receiving action requests and communicating the receivedaction requests to console 210. An action request received by inputinterface 240 is communicated to console 210, which performs an actioncorresponding to the action request. In some embodiments, inputinterface 240 may provide haptic feedback to the user in accordance withinstructions received from console 210. For example, haptic feedback isprovided when an action request is received, or console 210 communicatesinstructions to input interface 240 causing input interface 240 togenerate haptic feedback when console 210 performs an action.

Console 210 provides media to display device 205 for presentation to theuser in accordance with information received from one or more of:imaging device 235, display device 205, and input interface 240. In theexample shown in FIG. 2, console 210 includes application store 245,tracking module 250, and application engine 255. Some embodiments ofconsole 210 have different modules than those described in conjunctionwith FIG. 2. Similarly, the functions further described below may bedistributed among components of console 210 in a different manner thanis described here.

When application store 245 is included in console 210, application store245 stores one or more applications for execution by console 210. Anapplication is a group of instructions, that when executed by aprocessor, is used for generating content for presentation to the user.Content generated by the processor based on an application may be inresponse to inputs received from the user via movement of display device205 or input interface 240. Examples of applications include: gamingapplications, conferencing applications, video playback application, orother suitable applications.

When tracking module 250 is included in console 210, tracking module 250calibrates system 200 using one or more calibration parameters and mayadjust one or more calibration parameters to reduce error indetermination of the position of display device 205. For example,tracking module 250 adjusts the focus of imaging device 235 to obtain amore accurate position for observed locators on display device 205.Moreover, calibration performed by tracking module 250 also accounts forinformation received from IMU 230. Additionally, if tracking of displaydevice 205 is lost (e.g., imaging device 235 loses line of sight of atleast a threshold number of locators 220), tracking module 250re-calibrates some or all of system 200.

In some embodiments, tracking module 250 tracks movements of displaydevice 205 using second calibration data from imaging device 235. Forexample, tracking module 250 determines positions of a reference pointof display device 205 using observed locators from the secondcalibration data and a model of display device 205. In some embodiments,tracking module 250 also determines positions of a reference point ofdisplay device 205 using position information from the first calibrationdata. Additionally, in some embodiments, tracking module 250 may useportions of the first calibration data, the second calibration data, orsome combination thereof, to predict a future location of display device205. Tracking module 250 provides the estimated or predicted futureposition of display device 205 to application engine 255.

Application engine 255 executes applications within system 200 andreceives position information, acceleration information, velocityinformation, predicted future positions, or some combination thereof ofdisplay device 205 from tracking module 250. Based on the receivedinformation, application engine 255 determines content to provide todisplay device 205 for presentation to the user. For example, if thereceived information indicates that the user has looked to the left,application engine 255 generates content for display device 205 thatmirrors the user's movement in a virtual environment. Additionally,application engine 255 performs an action within an applicationexecuting on console 210 in response to an action request received frominput interface 240 and provides feedback to the user that the actionwas performed. The provided feedback may be visual or audible feedbackvia display device 205 or haptic feedback via input interface 240.

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of display device 300 in accordance withsome embodiments. In some other embodiments, display device 300 is partof some other electronic display (e.g., digital microscope, etc.). Insome embodiments, display device 300 includes light emission devicearray 310 and one or more lenses 330. In some embodiments, displaydevice 300 also includes an emission intensity array and an IR detectorarray.

Light emission device array 310 emits image light and optional IR lighttoward the viewing user. Light emission device array 310 may be, e.g.,an array of LEDs, an array of microLEDs, an array of OLEDs, or somecombination thereof. Light emission device array 310 includes lightemission devices 320 that emit light in the visible light (andoptionally includes devices that emit light in the IR). In someembodiments, a microLED includes an LED with an emission areacharacterized by a representative dimension (e.g., a diameter, a width,a height, etc.) of 100 μm or less (e.g., 50 μm, 20 μm, etc.). In someembodiments, a microLED has an emission area having a shape of a circleor a rectangle.

The emission intensity array is configured to selectively attenuatelight emitted from light emission array 310. In some embodiments, theemission intensity array is composed of a plurality of liquid crystalcells or pixels, groups of light emission devices, or some combinationthereof. Each of the liquid crystal cells is, or in some embodiments,groups of liquid crystal cells are, addressable to have specific levelsof attenuation. For example, at a given time, some of the liquid crystalcells may be set to no attenuation, while other liquid crystal cells maybe set to maximum attenuation. In this manner the emission intensityarray is able to control what portion of the image light emitted fromlight emission device array 310 is passed to the one or more lenses 330.In some embodiments, display device 300 uses the emission intensityarray to facilitate providing image light to a location of pupil 350 ofeye 340 of a user, and minimize the amount of image light provided toother areas in the eyebox.

One or more lenses 330 receive the modified image light (e.g.,attenuated light) from the emission intensity array (or directly fromemission device array 310), and shifted by one or more beam shifters360, and direct the shifted image light to a location of pupil 350.

An optional IR detector array detects IR light that has beenretro-reflected from the retina of eye 340, a cornea of eye 340, acrystalline lens of eye 340, or some combination thereof. The IRdetector array includes either a single IR sensor or a plurality of IRsensitive detectors (e.g., photodiodes). In some embodiments, the IRdetector array is separate from light emission device array 310. In someembodiments, the IR detector array is integrated into light emissiondevice array 310.

In some embodiments, light emission device array 310 and the emissionintensity array make up a display element. Alternatively, the displayelement includes light emission device array 310 (e.g., when lightemission device array 310 includes individually adjustable pixels)without the emission intensity array. In some embodiments, the displayelement additionally includes the IR array. In some embodiments, inresponse to a determined location of pupil 350, the display elementadjusts the emitted image light such that the light output by thedisplay element is refracted by one or more lenses 330 toward thedetermined location of pupil 350, and not toward other locations in theeyebox.

A significant portion of power used for operating a head-mounted displaydevice is used for (i) computation needed to render high-color fidelityimages, (ii) data transmission for displaying images and (iii)conversion of electrical energy to light for displaying the renderedimages. Human eyes have a non-uniform color vision across a field ofview. For example, color sensing cones are densely packed in the foveacentralis that is responsible for a foveal vision, and the number of thecolor sensing cells rapidly decreases toward a peripheral area of aretina of the eyes. To reduce the power consumption of head-mounteddisplay devices, a color foveated display having multiple emissionregions to provide images in multiple color gamuts are used. Forexample, a central emission region corresponding to the fovea of the eyeis configured to provide high color fidelity while a peripheral emissionregion corresponding to the peripheral area of the retina of the eye isconfigured to increase luminous efficiency and minimize powerconsumption (even at the expense of reducing the color fidelity).

FIG. 4 illustrates a chromaticity diagram 400 in accordance with someembodiments.

The chromaticity diagram 400 represents human color perception in atwo-dimensional chart (e.g., CIE 1931 xy chromaticity diagram). In FIG.4, the chromaticity diagram 400 has an outer curved boundary thatcorresponds to spectral loci corresponding to various colors, withwavelengths listed in nanometers.

In some embodiments, a color gamut is defined as a specific organizationof colors (e.g., sRGB color gamut, Adobe RGB color gamut, CIELUV colorgamut, etc.). In some embodiments, the color gamut is represented by aline or shape formed by connecting at least two colors (e.g., red andblue, green and blue, red, green, and blue, etc.) on the chromaticitydiagram 400. In some embodiments, the color gamut has a triangle shape(e.g., an equilateral triangle, isosceles triangle, scalene triangle,etc.) formed by connecting three points of colors (e.g., red, green, andblue) on the chromaticity diagram 400. In some embodiments, the colorgamut has any other shapes (e.g., a square, rectangle, etc.). In someembodiments, different color gamuts have a same shape of different sizesor different shapes of same or different sizes (e.g., same or differentareas). In some embodiments, at least two color gamuts represented in asame chromaticity diagram (e.g., the chromaticity diagram 400) partiallyoverlap each other in the chromaticity diagram 400.

In FIG. 4, the chromaticity diagram 400 includes a first color gamut410, a second color gamut 420, and a third color gamut 430 that aredistinct from one another. A dot 440 represents a center of thechromaticity diagram 400 that corresponds to a white color. In FIG. 4, afirst color gamut 410 has a same triangle shape as a second color gamut420 that is larger than the first color gamut 410, and the first colorgamut 410 is included in (or encompassed by) the second color gamut 420.In FIG. 4, the first color gamut 410 and the third color gamut 430 havedifferent triangle shapes and the first color gamut 410 and the thirdcolor gamut 430 partially overlap each other (e.g., a portion of thefirst color gamut 410 is not included in the third color gamut 430 and aportion of the third color gamut 430 is not included in the first colorgamut 410). As shown in FIG. 4, the second color gamut 420 and the thirdcolor gamut 430 have different triangle shapes, and the second colorgamut 420 and the third color gamut 430 partially overlap each other(e.g., a portion of the second color gamut 420 is not included in thethird color gamut 430 and a portion of the third color gamut 430 is notincluded in the second color gamut 420).

In some embodiments, a respective color gamut includes a plurality ofcolors formed by mixing the at least two colors (e.g., reference colors)of the color gamut. A color gamut includes a plurality of colors locatedinside the shape or on the line, formed by the reference colors, in thechromaticity diagram 400. For example, in FIG. 4, the second color gamut420, that is larger than the first color gamut 410, encompasses morecolors than the first color gamut 410.

Colors outside the first color gamut 410 are not displayable in anemission region configured to provide colors within the first colorgamut 410 only (e.g., an emission region with three types of LEDs, eachtype configured to provide a respective color that corresponds to arespective corner of the first color gamut 410 cannot provide a coloroutside the first color gamut 410), colors outside the second colorgamut 420 are not displayable in an emission region configured toprovide colors within the second color gamut 420 only (e.g., an emissionregion with three types of LEDs, each type configured to provide arespective color that corresponds to a respective corner of the secondcolor gamut 420 cannot provide a color outside the second color gamut420), and color outside the third color gamut 430 are not displayable inan emission region configured to provide colors within the third colorgamut 430 only (e.g., an emission region with three types of LEDs, eachtype configured to provide a respective color that corresponds to arespective corner of the third color gamut 430 cannot provide a coloroutside the third color gamut 430). Thus, a portion of the second colorgamut 420 that does not overlap with the first color gamut 410 indicatescolors that are not displayable in an emission region configured toprovide colors within the first color gamut 410 only. A portion of thefirst color gamut 410 that does not overlap with the second color gamut420 indicates colors that are not displayable in an emission regionconfigured to provide colors within the second color gamut 420 only.Colors outside the third color gamut 430 are not displayable in anemission region configured to provide colors within the third colorgamut 430 only.

FIG. 5 illustrates a display panel 500 in accordance with someembodiments.

In some embodiments, the display panel 500 corresponds to the lightemission device array 310 shown in FIG. 3. In some embodiments, thedisplay panel 500 is coupled with a circuit board 550. The display panel500 includes a first emission region 510, a second emission region 520,a third emission region 530, and a fourth emission region 540. AlthoughFIG. 5 illustrates the display panel 500 with four emission regions, thedisplay panel 500 is not limited to having four emission regions, andmay have fewer or more emission regions (e.g., at least 2, 3, 5, 6, or 7regions, etc.).

In some embodiments, the first emission region 510 is configured toprovide images having colors in a first color gamut (e.g., the firstcolor gamut 410) (e.g., for providing images having colors in the firstcolor gamut to a fovea of a user's eyes) and the other emission regions(e.g., the second emission region 520, the third emission region 530,and the fourth emission region 540) are configured to provide imageshaving colors in a color gamut that is distinct from the first colorgamut of the first emission region 510 (e.g., for providing imageshaving colors in a color gamut that is distinct from the first colorgamut to a peripheral vision area of the user's eyes). The secondemission region 520 is distinct from and mutually exclusive to the firstemission region 510. Although FIG. 5 illustrates the second emissionregion 520 as a single contiguous region, in some embodiments, thesecond emission region 520 includes two or more separate second emissionregions that are disposed adjacent to the first emission region 510. Forexample, although FIG. 5 illustrates the second emission region 520surrounding the first emission region 510, in some embodiments, twoseparate second emission regions (each having a linear shape forexample) are located on opposite sides of the first emission region 510.The third emission region 530 is distinct from and mutually exclusive tothe second emission region 520. Although FIG. 5 illustrates the thirdemission region 530 as a single contiguous region, in some embodiments,the third emission region 530 includes two or more separate thirdemission regions that are disposed adjacent to the second emissionregion 520. For example, although FIG. 5 illustrates the third emissionregion 530 surrounding the second emission region 520, in someembodiments, two separate third emission regions (each having a linearshape for example) are located on opposite sides of the second emissionregion 520. The fourth emission region 540 is distinct from and mutuallyexclusive to the third emission region 530. Although FIG. 5 illustratesthe fourth emission region 540 as a single contiguous region, in someembodiments, the fourth emission region 540 includes two or moreseparate fourth emission regions that are disposed adjacent to the thirdemission region 530. For example, although FIG. 5 illustrates the fourthemission region 540 surrounding the third emission region 530, in someembodiments, two separate fourth emission regions (each having a linearshape for example) are located on opposite sides of the third emissionregion 530.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the first emission region 510is surrounded by the second emission region 520, the second emissionregion 520 is surrounded by the third emission region 530 and the thirdemission region 530 is surrounded by the fourth emission region 540.

In some embodiments, the first emission region 510 occupies no more than50% of the display area of the display panel 500. In some embodiments,the first emission region 510 occupies less than 20%, less than 10%, orless than 5% of the display area of the display panel 500.

In some embodiments, the second emission region 520 is in contact withthe first emission region 510. In some embodiments, the third emissionregion 530 is in contact with the second emission region 520. In someembodiments, the fourth emission region 540 is in contact with the thirdemission region 530.

In some embodiments, the second emission region 520 is distinct andseparate from the first emission region 510. In some embodiments, thethird emission region 530 is distinct and separate from the firstemission region 510 and the second emission region 520. In someembodiments, the fourth emission region 540 is distinct and separatefrom the first emission region 510, the second emission region 520, andthe third emission region 530.

In some embodiments, the display panel 500 includes a plurality of lightemitters, that corresponds to a first color gamut, arranged in the firstemission region 510, and a plurality of light emitters, that correspondsto a second color gamut, arranged in the second emission region 520. Insome embodiments, the display panel 500 includes a plurality of lightemitters, that corresponds to a third color gamut, in the third emissionregion 530, and a plurality of light emitters, that corresponds to afourth color gamut, in the fourth emission region 540. As describedabove, the first color gamut, the second color gamut, the third colorgamut, and the fourth color gamut are distinct from each other (e.g.,the first color gamut and the second color gamut have a same shape ofdifferent sizes in the chromaticity diagram 400, or the first colorgamut and the second color gamut have different shapes in thechromaticity diagram 400).

A plurality of light emitters in a respective emission region (e.g., thefirst emission region 510, the second emission region 520, the thirdemission region 530, the fourth emission region 540, etc.) is configuredto emit light of representative colors within a respective color gamut(e.g., each type of a light emitter in the respective emission region isconfigured to provide light of a respective representative color thatcorresponds to a corner of the respective color gamut). For example, oneor more light emitters in the first emission region 510 are configuredto emit light having a first color (e.g., red) within the first colorgamut, one or more light emitters in the first emission region 510 areconfigured to emit light having a second color (e.g., green), distinctfrom the first color, within the first color gamut, and one or morelight emitters in the first emission region 510 are configured to emitlight having a third color (e.g., blue), distinct from the first colorand the second color, within the first color gamut.

In some embodiments, the plurality of light emitters in the firstemission region 510 is configured to emit light having colors of thefirst color gamut while the plurality of light emitters in the secondemission region 520 is configured to emit light having colors of thesecond color gamut. In some embodiments, a plurality of light emittersin a same emission region (e.g., the plurality of light emitters in thefirst emission region 510 or the plurality of light emitters in thesecond emission region 520, etc.) provide light of at least twodifferent colors, that are distinct from each other, within therespective color gamut. For example, a plurality of light emitters inthe first emission region 510 includes a first group of two or morelight emitters having a first representative color (e.g., providinglight having the first representative color, such as a red light) and asecond group of two or more light emitters having a secondrepresentative color (e.g., providing light having the secondrepresentative color, such as a blue light) that is distinct from thefirst representative color. In some embodiments, the firstrepresentative color and the second representative color are within thefirst color gamut. In some embodiments, the plurality of light emittersin the first emission region 510 includes two or more light emittershaving a color that is distinct from the first representative color andthe second representative color (e.g., providing light having a colorthat is distinct from the first representative color and the secondrepresentative color, such as providing a green light). In someembodiments, the plurality of light emitters in the second emissionregion 520 includes a third group of one or more light emitters having athird representative color (e.g., providing light having the thirdrepresentative color, such as a yellow light) and a fourth group of oneor more light emitters having a fourth representative color that isdistinct from the third representative color (e.g., providing lighthaving the fourth representative color, such as a cyan light). Thenumber of groups of a plurality of light emitters in the respectiveemission region is not limited to two, can be more than two (e.g.,three, four, five, etc.).

In some embodiments, at least one light emitter of the plurality oflight emitters in the first emission region 510 is configured to emitlight having a representative color that is distinct from arepresentative color of at least one light emitter of the plurality oflight emitters in the second emission region 520. For example, the thirdrepresentative color of the third group of one or more light emitters isdistinct from the first representative color of the first group of twoor more light emitters or the second representative color of the secondgroup of two or more light emitters, while, in some embodiments, thefourth representative color of the fourth group of one or more lightemitters is identical to the first representative color of the firstgroup of two or more light emitters or the second representative colorof the second group of two or more light emitters.

In some embodiments, even though the first color gamut is distinct fromthe second color gamut, the first color gamut partially overlaps withthe second color gamut in a chromaticity diagram (e.g., the first colorgamut 410 and the third color gamut 430 in the chromaticity diagram 400as illustrated in FIG. 4), or the first color gamut is included in thesecond color gamut (e.g., the first color gamut 410 and the second colorgamut 420 in the chromaticity diagram as illustrated in FIG. 4).

In some embodiments, at least one light emitter of the plurality oflight emitters in the first emission region 510 is configured to emitlight having a same hue as at least one light emitter of the pluralityof light emitters in the second emission region 520. For example, a hueof the fourth representative color of the fourth group of one or morelight emitters is the same as a hue of the second representative colorof the second group of two or more light emitters.

In some embodiments, at least one light emitter of the plurality oflight emitters in the first emission region 510 is configured to emitlight having a same peak wavelength as at least one light emitter of theplurality of light emitters in the second emission region 520.

In some embodiments, a respective light emitter of a respective group(e.g., the first group of two or more light emitters, the second groupof two or more light emitters, etc.) has an emission wavelength in asame wavelength range. In some embodiments, a wavelength range isdefined as a range between a longest wavelength and a shortestwavelength of a respective light emitter of the two or more lightemitters. In some embodiments, the two or more light emitters of thefirst group have emission wavelengths in a first wavelength range (e.g.,610-700 nm). For example, a light emitter of the two or more lightemitters of the first group may be configured to emit light having ashortest wavelength (e.g., 610 nm) of the first wavelength range whileanother light emitter of the first group may be configured to emit lighthaving a longest wavelength (e.g., 700 nm) of the first wavelengthrange.

In some embodiments, light emitters of at least two groups in the sameemission region (e.g., the two or more light emitters of the first groupand the two or more light emitters of the second group in the firstemission region 510, or the one or more light emitters of the thirdgroup and the one or more light emitters of the fourth group in thesecond emission region 520) have wavelength ranges that are distinctfrom each other. In some embodiments, the two or more light emitters ofthe first group have emission wavelengths in the first wavelength range(e.g., 610-700 nm), and the two or more light emitters of the secondgroup have emission wavelengths in a second wavelength range (e.g.,710-750 nm) that is distinct from the first wavelength range. In someembodiments, the second wavelength range is mutually exclusive to thefirst wavelength range. In some embodiments, the one or more lightemitters of the third group have emission wavelengths in a thirdwavelength range (e.g., 500-560 nm), and the one or more light emittersof the fourth group have emission wavelengths in a fourth wavelengthrange (e.g., 430-490 nm) that is distinct from the third wavelengthrange. In some embodiments, the fourth wavelength range is mutuallyexclusive to the third wavelength range.

In some embodiments, light emitters of at least two groups in the sameemission region have wavelength ranges that partially overlap oneanother. In some embodiments, the first wavelength range (e.g., 610-700nm) is entirely included in the second wavelength range (e.g., 600-780nm). Alternatively, the first wavelength range (e.g., 610-700 nm)partially overlaps with the second wavelength range (e.g., 640-750 nm).In this case, at least one light emitter of the first group may have asame wavelength (e.g., 650 nm) as at least one light emitter of thesecond group.

In some embodiments, light emitters of at least two groups in differentemission regions (e.g., the two or more light emitters of the firstgroup in the first emission region 510, and the one or more lightemitters of the third group in the second emission region 520) havewavelength ranges that are distinct from each other. In someembodiments, the first wavelength range (e.g., 610-700 nm) is distinctfrom the third wavelength range (e.g., 500-560 nm) and the fourthwavelength range (e.g., 480-580 nm). In some embodiments, the secondwavelength range (e.g., 640-750 nm) is distinct from the thirdwavelength range (e.g., 500-560 nm) and the fourth wavelength range(e.g., 480-580 nm).

In some embodiments, light emitters of at least two groups in differentemission regions have wavelength ranges that entirely or partiallyoverlap one another. In some embodiments, the third wavelength range(e.g., 580-620 nm) partially overlaps with the first wavelength range(e.g., 610-700 nm), and the fourth wavelength range (e.g., 600-640 nm)partially overlaps with the second wavelength range (e.g., 640-750 nm).In this case, at least one light emitter of the first group may have asame wavelength (e.g., 615 nm) as at least one light emitter of thethird group.

The right-hand side of FIG. 5 illustrates an enlarged view of arespective pixel of a plurality of pixels in the first emission region510, the second emission region 520, and the third emission region 530.In some embodiments, the respective pixel includes a subpixelcombination to provide (light having) colors of the respective colorgamut (e.g., the first color gamut, the second color gamut, or the thirdcolor gamut, etc.). In some embodiments, the subpixel combinationincludes two or more subpixels. For example, a single pixel includes twoor more subpixels for providing two or more colors (e.g., a red colorsubpixel, a green color subpixel, and a blue color subpixel for an RGBpixel). In some embodiments, each subpixel includes a single lightemitter, and two or more light emitters corresponding to the subpixelcombination are arranged in the respective emission region. In someembodiments, the subpixel combination having two or more colorscorrespond to peak wavelengths of the two or more light emitters. Insome embodiments, a subpixel layout for the subpixel combination is anm-by-m matrix arrangement (e.g., a 2-by-2 matrix, 3-by-3 matrix, etc.),an m-by-n matrix arrangement (e.g., a 3-by-2 matrix, 2-by-3 matrix,etc.) where m is different from n, a linear arrangement, a trianglearrangement, or any other arrangements corresponding to other shapes(e.g., a rectangular, hexagon, etc.).

In FIG. 5, the subpixel combination of the respective pixel includesfour subpixels arranged in a 2-by-2 matrix arrangement. In someembodiments, a pixel 511 of the first emission region 510 includes afirst subpixel combination of subpixels 512, 514, 516, 518. In someembodiments, a pixel 521 of the second emission region 520 includes asecond subpixel combination of subpixels 522, 524, 526, 528, and a pixel531 of the third emission region 530 includes a third subpixelcombination of subpixels 532, 534, 536, 538. As describe above, theplurality of light emitters corresponding to different color gamuts areused in different emission regions, so that the pixel 511 has a colorgamut that is distinct from those of the pixel 521 and the pixel 531(e.g., the pixel 511 has a relatively high color gamut than the pixel521 and the pixel 531). In some embodiments, the pixel 521 has a colorgamut that is distinct from that of the pixel 531 (e.g., the pixel 521has a relatively high color gamut than the pixel 531).

In some embodiments, each subpixel of the subpixel combination has aunique color (e.g., each subpixel of the subpixel combination has adifferent hue). For example, the subpixels 512, 514, 516, 518 of thefirst subpixel combination have four different hues (e.g., the subpixel512 has a red color, the subpixel 514 has a yellow color, the subpixel516 has a green color, and the subpixel 518 has a blue color). In someembodiments, at least two subpixels of the subpixel combination have asame color. For example, the subpixel 514 and the subpixel 516 may havethe same color (e.g., a green color, etc.) while the subpixel 512 andthe subpixel 518 have different two colors (e.g., red and blue colors)that are distinct from the color of the subpixels 514 and 516.

In some embodiments, subpixel combinations in different emission regionsare distinct from each other. In some embodiments, one or more subpixelsof the first subpixel combination corresponds to hues different fromthose of one or more subpixels of the second subpixel combination. Forexample, the subpixels 522, 524, 528 of the second subpixel combinationcorrespond to same hues corresponding to the subpixels 512, 514, 518 ofthe first subpixel combination, respectively, and the subpixel 526 ofthe second subpixel combination corresponds to a hue that is differentfrom a peak wavelength corresponding to the subpixel 516 of the firstsubpixel combination (e.g., the subpixel 522 has a peak wavelength thatis the same as that of the subpixel 512, the subpixel 524 has a peakwavelength that is the same as that of the subpixel 514, the subpixel528 has a peak wavelength that is the same as that of the subpixel 518,and the subpixel 526 has a peak wavelength that is the same as that ofthe subpixel 516). Alternatively, the subpixels 522 and 528 of thesecond subpixel combination may correspond to hues that are distinctfrom hues corresponding to the subpixels 512 and 518 of the firstsubpixel combination (e.g., a peak wavelength corresponding to thesubpixel 522 is distinct from, such as shorter than, a peak wavelengthcorresponding to the subpixel 512, or a peak wavelength corresponding tothe subpixel 528 is distinct from, such as longer than, a peakwavelength corresponding to the subpixel 518), while, in someembodiments the subpixels 524 and 526 have hues that are identical tohues of the subpixels 514 and 516.

In some embodiments, the display device is configured to receive colorinformation for pixels in multiple emission regions. In someembodiments, the display device is configured to cause one or more lightemitters of a respective pixel to emit light based on color informationfor the respective pixel (e.g., the color information indicates a colorthat is within the respective color gamut of the respective pixel). Insome embodiments, the display device is configured to obtain new colorinformation for the respective pixel by processing the received colorinformation so that the new color information for the respective pixelindicates a color within the respective color gamut. For example, thedisplay device is configured to receive first color information for apixel (e.g., the pixel 511) in the first emission region 510 and secondcolor information for a pixel (e.g., the pixel 521) in the secondemission region 520. In some embodiments, the display device isconfigured to, in accordance with a determination that a color indicatedby the second color information is outside a color gamut for the secondemission region (e.g., the second color gamut), process the second colorinformation to obtain third color information based at least on thecolor gamut for the second emission region 520 (e.g., mapping a colorindicated by the second color information to another color within thesecond color gamut). For example, the display device maps a first colorindicated by the second color information to a second color that has asame hue as the first color and is within the color gamut for the secondemission region 520, and prepares the third color information so thatthe third color information indicates the second color. The displaydevice is configured to cause one or more light emitters (e.g., a lightemitter corresponding to the subpixel 512) of the pixel in the secondemission region 520 to emit light based on the third color informationinstead of the second color information. Alternatively, the displaydevice is configured to cause one or more light emitters of the pixel inthe first emission region 510 (e.g., the pixel 511) to emit light basedon the first color information without processing the first colorinformation (e.g., in accordance with a determination that a colorindicated by the first color information is within a color gamut for thefirst emission region).

In some embodiments, light emitters having different luminous efficaciesare arranged in different emission regions. In some embodiments, aluminous efficacy varies based on a representative color (or a hue or apeak wavelength) of a light emitter. In some cases, a luminous efficacyof a light emitter increases as the peak wavelength increases up to aparticular wavelength (e.g., 540 nm), and has a maximum luminousefficacy at the particular wavelength. Then, the luminous efficacydecreases as the peak wavelength further increases above the particularwavelength. In some embodiments, a respective light emitter of the firstgroup of two or more light emitters has a luminous efficacy that isdistinct from a luminous efficacy of a respective light emitter of thethird group of one or more light emitters. In some embodiments, arespective light emitter of the second group of two or more lightemitters has a luminous efficacy that is distinct from a luminousefficacy of a respective light emitter of the fourth group of one ormore light emitters. In some embodiments, the first emission region 510includes a plurality of light emitters having a lower luminous efficacy(e.g., than a plurality of light emitters in the second emission region520), and peripheral emission regions (e.g., the second emission region520, the third emission region 530, the fourth emission region 540,etc.) includes a plurality of light emitters having a higher luminousefficacy (e.g., than a plurality of light emitters in the first emissionregion 510). In some embodiments, a respective light emitter of thefirst group of two or more light emitters has a luminous efficacy thatis less than a luminous efficacy of a respective light emitter of thethird group of one or more light emitters. In some embodiments, arespective light emitter of the second group of two or more lightemitters has a luminous efficacy that is less than a luminous efficacyof a respective light emitter of the fourth group of one or more lightemitters. In some embodiments, the luminous efficacy of the respectivelight emitter is determined based on a material of the respective lightemitter. In some embodiments, at least two light emitters of theplurality of light emitters in the first emission region 510, that havea same peak wavelength, have different luminous efficacies based onmaterials of the at least two light emitters (e.g., subpixel 511 has afirst luminous efficacy and subpixel 512 has a second luminous efficacythat is distinct from the first luminous efficacy while both subpixel511 and subpixel 512 have a same peak wavelength).

FIG. 6 illustrates a plurality of light emitters arranged in a pluralityof emission regions in a display panel (e.g., the display panel 500shown in FIG. 5) in accordance with some embodiments.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6, a respective emission regionhas a different density of light emitters. In some embodiments, adensity of light emitters in an emission region is determined from adistance between adjacent (e.g., neighboring) light emitters in theemission region. Light emitters 610 are arranged in a first emissionregion (e.g., the first emission region 510), light emitters 620 arearranged in a second emission region (e.g., the second emission region520), and light emitters 630 are arranged in a third emission region(e.g., the third emission region 530). Light emitters 540 are arrangedin a fourth emission region (e.g., the fourth emission region 540). Thefirst emission region is configured to provide a high resolution andhigh color fidelity and the other emission regions (e.g., the secondemission region 520, the third emission region 530, the fourth emissionregion 540, etc.) are configured to provide lower resolutions than thefirst emission region. For example, two adjacent light emitters of lightemitters 610 arranged in the first emission region are spaced apart fromeach other by a distance that is less than, or equal to 5 μm. Twoadjacent light emitters of light emitters 620 arranged in the secondemission region are spaced apart from each other by a distance of 10 μm.Two adjacent light emitters of light emitters 630 arranged in the thirdemission region are spaced apart from each other by a distance that isgreater than 10 μm. At least two adjacent light emitters of lightemitters 640 arranged in the fourth emission region are spaced apartfrom each other by a distance that is greater than the distance betweentwo adjacent light emitters in the third emission region.

In some embodiments, a respective light emitter of the plurality oflight emitters in at least one peripheral emission region (e.g., thesecond emission region 520, the third emission region 530, the fourthemission region 540, etc.) has a size that is greater than a size of arespective light emitter of the light emitters 610 in the first emissionregion. As shown in FIG. 6, a size of the light emitters 640 is greaterthan a size of the light emitters 630. The light emitter 630 has a sizethat is greater than a size of the light emitters 620. The lightemitters 610 in the first emission region has a size that is smallerthan the size of the light emitters 620.

FIG. 7 illustrates a chromaticity diagram indicating a color shift inaccordance with some embodiments.

The chromaticity diagram illustrated in FIG. 7 is similar to thechromaticity diagram 400 illustrated in FIG. 4, except that FIG. 7 showsa color shift in some embodiments. For brevity, the detaileddescriptions of the chromaticity diagram and the color gamuts describedabove with respect to FIG. 4 are not repeated herein.

In some embodiments, a peak wavelength of a respective light emittershifts as a function of a current density of the respective lightemitter. The peak wavelength shifts to either a shorter peak wavelengthor a longer peak wavelength based on the current density of therespective light emitter. For example, a peak wavelength of a lightemitter corresponding to a blue-green color shifts to a shorter peakwavelength (e.g., toward a blue color) while the light emitter is drivenat a higher current density. Alternatively, the peak wavelength of thelight emitter corresponding to the blue-green color shifts to a longerpeak wavelength (e.g., toward a green color) while the light emitter isdriven at a lower current density. In another example, a peak wavelengthof a light emitter corresponding to a red color shifts to a longer peakwavelength (e.g., toward a deep red color) as the light emitter isdriven at a higher current density. Alternatively, the peak wavelengthof the light emitter corresponding to the red color shifts to a shorterpeak wavelength (e.g., toward an orange color) while the light emitteris driven at a lower current density.

As shown in FIG. 7, an arrow 710 and an arrow 720 indicate a peakwavelength shift by changing a current density of a light emitter. Afirst peak wavelength of the light emitter, that operates at a firstcurrent density, corresponds to a color indicated by a point 712 in thefirst color gamut 410. When the light emitter is driven at a secondcurrent density, that is distinct from the first current density, thefirst peak wavelength shifts to a second peak wavelength thatcorresponds to a color indicated by a point 714. Thus, the light emitteris able to emit light corresponding to the second color gamut 420outside the first color gamut 410 (by adjusting the current density ofthe light emitter). When the light emitter is driven at a third currentdensity, that is distinct from the first current density, the first peakwavelength shifts to a third peak wavelength that corresponds to a colorindicated by a point 716. Thus, the light emitter is able to emit lightoutside the first color gamut 410.

In some embodiments, light emitters in different emission regions (e.g.,the first emission region 510, the second emission region 520, the thirdemission region 530, the fourth emission region 540, etc.) of a displaypanel (e.g., the display panel 500 shown in FIG. 5) operate at differentcurrent densities to provide colors of different color gamuts. In someembodiments, a respective light emitter of the first group of two ormore light in a first emission region (e.g., the first emission region510) operates at a first current density (e.g., N₁ A/cm²). In someembodiments, a respective light emitter of the third group of one ormore light emitter in a second emission region (e.g., the secondemission region 520) operates at a second current density N₂ A/cm²) thatis distinct from the first current density. In some embodiments, N₁ isless than N₂ (e.g., by 50%, 30%, 20%, or 10% of N₂).

In some embodiments, the display panel (e.g., the display panel 500shown in FIG. 5) is configured to adjust a current density for at leastone light emitter. In some embodiments, the display panel is configuredto provide a first current density for the first group of two or morelight emitters in the first emission region (e.g., the first emissionregion 510) and the display panel is configured to provide, for thethird group of two or more light emitters in the second emission region,the second current density at a first time and a third current densitythat is distinct from the second current density at a second time thatis distinct from the first time.

In some embodiments, the display panel is configured to providedifferent current densities for at least two light emitters havingdifferent representative colors (e.g., peak wavelengths) in a sameemission region. In some embodiments, the display panel is configured toprovide a first current density for the first group of two or more lightemitters having the first representative color (e.g., a first peakwavelength) in the first emission region (e.g., the first emissionregion 510) and provide a second current density, that is distinct fromthe first current density, for the second group of two or more lightemitters having the second representative color (e.g., a second peakwavelength) in the first emission region.

In some embodiments, in order to reduce fabrication and assemblycomplexity of the display panel, a single light emitter (or lightemitters of a same type) is used to provide light having different peakwavelengths (e.g., the single light emitter provides light having a peakwavelength corresponding to a green color at a first time and lighthaving a peak wavelength corresponding to a blue color at a second timethat is distinct from the first time). In some embodiments, a peakwavelength of the light emitter shifts by adjusting a current density.For example, while the display panel provides a first current density tothe light emitter, the light emitter emits light having a first peakwavelength (e.g., a peak wavelength corresponding to green orbluish-green color). While the display panel provides a second currentdensity, that is distinct from the second current density, to the lightemitter, the light emitter emits light having a second peak wavelength(e.g., a peak wavelength corresponding to a blue or greenish-blue color)that is distinct from the second peak wavelength. In some embodiments,the display device includes a uniform array of light emitters (e.g.,light emitters of a same type arranged in an array without anyinterspersed light emitter of a different type). In some embodiments, asame current density is provided for the light emitters in the uniformarray (so that the light emitters in the uniform array shift their peakwavelength concurrently). In some embodiments, different currentdensities are provided to different light emitters of the uniform array(e.g., a first current density is provided for a first subset of thelight emitters of the uniform array and a second current density isprovided for a second subset of the light emitters of the uniformarray). In some embodiments, at least two uniform arrays (having a sameconfiguration) are arranged in different emission regions (e.g., a firstuniform array in the first emission region 510 and a second uniformarray in the second emission region 520). When the display panelprovides different current densities for the different emission regions,the at least two uniform arrays in the different emission regions emitlight corresponding to different colors.

In some embodiments, an array of at least two light emitters hasdifferent electrical contact sizes for the at least two light emitters(e.g., a first light emitter has a first contact size and a second lightemitter has a second contact size that is distinct from the firstcontact size). In some embodiments, when a same current is provided, auniform array with a small electrical contact size operates at a highcurrent density, and a uniform array with a large electrical contactsize operates at a low current density. Thus, by using electricalcontacts of different sizes, the current density of light emitters canbe adjusted.

In some embodiments, a plurality of light emitters configured to emitlight having different brightness is arranged in different emissionregions. In some embodiments, a plurality of light emitters isconfigured to provide different brightness in different emissionregions. For example, a brightness of light emitted by a plurality oflight emitters in a first emission region (e.g., the first emissionregion 510) is distinct from a brightness of light emitted by aplurality of light emitters in a second emission region (e.g., thesecond emission region 520).

In some embodiments, the color gamut of light emitted by a secondemission region (e.g., a peripheral region) is reduced by color gamutweighting, an example of which is described below. In some embodiments,the brightness of light emitted by the second emission region is reducedby the color gamut weighting. In some embodiments, an average brightnessof light emitted by the second emission region is not reduced by thecolor gamut weighting.

In some cases, a brightness of light emitted by a respective pixel isrepresented by a white value, which is determined based on brightnessvalues of color components of the respective pixel. In some embodiments,the white value indicates an average of brightness values of colorcomponents (e.g., a red, green, and blue of an RGB color gamut, a cyan,magenta, yellow, and black of a CMYK color gamut, etc.). In someembodiments, the brightness value varies from 0 to 255 (for a respectivecolor component). For example, the brightness value of 0 (zero)indicates no light emitted by the light emitter corresponding to arespective color component, and the brightness value of 255 indicates afull brightness of light emitted by the light emitter corresponding tothe respective color component. In some embodiments, R, G, B values areused to represent brightness values of light for three color components,red, green, and blue. R represents a brightness value of a first basiccolor component (e.g., a red color component), G represents a brightnessvalue of a second basic color component (e.g., a green color component),and B represents a brightness value of a third basic color component(e.g., a blue color component). For example, the brightness value of apure green is expressed as (0, 255, 0). In some embodiments, the whitevalue, W, is determined using the following equation (1).

$\begin{matrix}{W = \frac{R + G + B}{3}} & (1)\end{matrix}$

The reduced brightness values Rr, Gr, and Br (for the three colorcomponents) are determined based on the following equations (2):Rr=W+(R−W)*Wt,Gr=W+(G−W)*Wt,Br=W+(B−W)*Wt  (2)where Wt represents a weight value (e.g., 0.5), also called herein acolor gamut weight value or a color gamut weight.

In some embodiments, the display device receives brightness values (ordata, such as image data, from which the brightness values can beobtained for respective pixels), and for pixels in the first emissionregion, emits light based on the received brightness values and forpixels in the second emission region, emits light based on the reducedbrightness values.

Although this example describes color gamut weighting in two discreteemission regions (e.g., the first emission region and the secondemission region), analogous color gamut weighting methods can be usedover three or more emission regions. In addition, analogous color gamutweighting methods can be used with gradually varying weight values, asdescribed below.

FIG. 8A represents a color gamut of light emitted from a display panelthat is linearly reduced in accordance with some embodiments.

In some embodiments, the display panel (e.g., the display panel 500)includes a plurality of emission regions. In FIG. 8A, color gamut oflight emitted from the display panel (depicted using the brightness ofthe corresponding region) varies linearly from a central region (e.g.,the first emission region 510) to one or more corner regions (e.g., oneor more emission region located on one or more edges of the displaypanel) of the display panel. In some embodiments, a high color gamutregion (e.g., a center region of FIG. 8A depicted to have the highestbrightness, or the first emission region 510, etc.) corresponds to alargest color gamut (e.g., the second color gamut 420) in a chromaticitydiagram (e.g., the chromaticity diagram 400 in FIG. 4). In someembodiments, a low color gamut region (e.g., one or more corner regionsof FIG. 8A depicted to have the lowest brightness or depicted as thedarkest regions) corresponds to a smallest color gamut in thechromaticity diagram. In some embodiments, the color gamut weight valueis linearly reduced from 1.0 (100% of a size of the largest color gamut)in the center to 0.0 (0% of a size of the largest color gamut) incorners. As described above, brightness values for a respective pixel(for the color components) calculated based on equations (1) and (2) areused in providing light of reduced color gamut.

FIG. 8B represents a color gamut of light emitted from a display panelthat is reduced linearly in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8B is similar to FIG. 8A except that a minimum color gamut weightvalue is capped at 0.5. Thus, a color gamut of light emitted from thedisplay panel (e.g., the display panel 500) varies linearly from acentral region (e.g., the first emission region 510) where the colorgamut weight is 1.0 to corners where the color gamut weight is 0.5.

FIG. 8C represents a color gamut of light emitted from a display panelthat is quadratically reduced in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8C is similar to FIG. 8B except that the color gamut is reducedquadratically (e.g., pursuant to a quadratic equation). In FIG. 8C, aminimum color gamut weight is capped at 0.5. FIG. 8C also shows that thecolor gamut weight is reduced to the color gamut weight of 0.5 at alocation between the central region and corners (e.g., a half-way pointbetween the center and the corners). In some embodiments, within theouter emission region (outside the locations where the color gamutweight has reached 0.5), the minimum color gamut weight is usedthroughout the outer emission region.

FIG. 8D represents a color gamut of light emitted from a display panelthat is horizontally reduced in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8D is similar to FIG. 8C except that the color gamut is reducedhorizontally in FIG. 8D while FIG. 8C shows that the color gamut isreduced in radial directions from the central region.

In some embodiments, the display panel includes a plurality of emissionregions. In some embodiments, a first emission region of the pluralityof emission regions corresponds to a central region of the display panelin FIG. 8D that is located between one or more second emission regionsthat are disposed adjacent to the first emission region. In someembodiments, one or more third emission regions are disposed adjacent tothe one or more second emission regions. For example, a respectivesecond emission region of the one or more second emission regions islocated between the first emission region and a respective thirdemission region of the one or more third emission regions. In someembodiments, the first emission region is a brightest region in thedisplay panel that corresponds to a largest color gamut in achromaticity diagram (e.g., the chromaticity diagram 400). As shown inFIG. 8D, a color gamut of light emitted from the display panel isreduced from the first emission region pursuant to a horizontalquadratic function.

Although the brightness is used in FIGS. 8A-8D to depict the changes inthe color gamut of light emitted by pixels in various regions, in someembodiments, the average brightness of light emitted by pixels invarious regions does not change by the color gamut weighting describedwith respect to FIGS. 8A-8D.

FIG. 8E illustrates images that are displayed on a display panel inaccordance with some embodiments.

First image 800 on the left-hand side of FIG. 8E is an image withoutcolor gamut weighting, and second image 810 on the right-hand side ofFIG. 8E is a corresponding image obtained by applying color gamutweighting to first image 800. In obtaining second image 810, the colorgamut weighting profile described above with respect to FIG. 8B is used.

In some embodiments, a display panel includes a plurality of emissionregions to provide images in different color gamuts as described abovewith respect to FIGS. 4-8E. FIGS. 9A-9D illustrate a display panel 900having a two-dimensional display layout that includes a plurality ofemission regions in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 9A illustrates the display panel 900 having a plurality of lightemitters that is configured to emit light of a respective performanceprofile in a respective emission region in accordance with someembodiments. As shown in FIG. 9A, configuring a first emission region910 (e.g., a center region) to provide light of a first hue profile(e.g., placing light emitters having a first peak wavelength that isclose to a target peak wavelength) and configuring a second emissionregion 920 (e.g., a peripheral region) to provide light of a second hueprofile (e.g., placing light emitters having a second peak wavelengththat is further away from the target peak wavelength than the first peakwavelength) allows the use of light emitters of the second hue profilein the display panel 900 without compromising the color display qualityof the display panel as perceived by the user. In some cases, a thirdemission region 930 (e.g., another peripheral region) is configured toprovide light of a third hue profile (e.g., placing light emittershaving a third peak wavelength that is further away from the target peakwavelength than the second peak wavelength).

In FIG. 9A, the display panel 900 (e.g., the display panel 500) has thetwo-dimensional layout that includes a first emission region 910 (e.g.,that corresponds to the first emission region 510), a second emissionregion 920 (e.g., that corresponds to the second emission region 520),and a third emission region 930 (e.g., that corresponds to the thirdemission region 530). Although FIG. 9A illustrates the display panel 900having three emission regions, the display panel 900 is not limited tohaving three emission regions, but rather may have fewer or moreemission regions (e.g., at least 2, 3, 5, 6, or 7 regions, etc.). InFIG. 9A, a plurality of light emitters is arranged in a respectiveemission region of the display panel 900 with a same distance.

In some embodiments, the plurality of light emitters in the respectiveemission region is configured to emit light of a same color gamut. Insome embodiments, a plurality of light emitters in the first emissionregion 910 is configured to emit light within a first color gamut.

In order to provide images in different color gamuts, a plurality oflight emitters in different emission regions that corresponds todifferent color gamuts as described with respect to FIGS. 4-8E. In someembodiments, the plurality of light emitters in the first emissionregion 910 corresponds to a first color gamut. In some embodiments, aplurality of light emitters in the second emission region 920corresponds to a second color gamut that is distinct from the firstcolor gamut. In some embodiments, a plurality of light emitters in thethird emission region 930 corresponds to a third color gamut that isdistinct from the first color gamut and the second color gamut. In someembodiments, the first color gamut corresponds to a color gamut havingoptimal colors (e.g., a best shade of red color) for a foveal vision.

In some embodiments, the first emission region 910 includes theplurality of light emitters configured to emit light of the firstwavelength, and the second emission region 920 includes a plurality oflight emitters configured to emit light of a second wavelength that isdistinct from the first wavelength. In some embodiments, the thirdemission region 930 includes a plurality of light emitters configured toemit light of a third wavelength that is distinct from the firstwavelength and the second wavelength. In some embodiments, the firstwavelength corresponds to a first color in the first color gamut, thesecond wavelength corresponds a second color in the second color gamut,and the third wavelength that corresponds a third color in a third colorgamut. In FIG. 9A, the first color (e.g., red) of the first emissionregion 910 is distinct from the second color (e.g., orange-red) of thesecond emission region 920. The third color of the third emission region930 (e.g., orange) is distinct from the first color of the firstemission region 910 and the second color of the second emission region920. As described above with respect to FIGS. 4-8E, a respective lightemitter of the plurality of light emitters in the second emission region920 has characteristics (e.g., a light emitter type, luminous efficacy,brightness, material, etc.) that are distinct from characteristics of arespective light of the plurality of light emitters in the firstemission region 910. In some embodiments, the respective light emitterof the plurality of light emitters in the second emission region 920operates at a current density that is distinct from a current density ofthe respective light emitter of the plurality of light emitters in thefirst emission region 910. For example, light emitters in the firstemission region are operated at a first current density that is selectedfor color gamut, and light emitters in the second emission region areoperated at a second current density that is selected for luminousefficacy (even through the color gamut may be degraded at the secondcurrent density). In some embodiments, a respective light emitter of theplurality of light emitters in the third emission region 930 hascharacteristics (e.g., a light emitter type, luminous efficacy,brightness, material, etc.) that are distinct from the characteristicsof the respective light of the plurality of light emitters in the firstemission region 910 and the characteristics of the respective light ofthe plurality of light emitters in the second emission region 920. Insome embodiments, the respective light emitter of the plurality of lightemitters in the third emission region 930 operates at a current densitythat is distinct from the current density of the respective light of theplurality of light emitters in the first emission region 910 and thecurrent density of the respective light of the plurality of lightemitters in the second emission region 920.

FIG. 9B illustrates the display panel 900 having a plurality of lightemitters that is configured to emit light of one or more representativecolors in a respective emission region in accordance with someembodiments. As shown in FIG. 9B, configuring a first emission region910 (e.g., a center region) to provide light of a first hue profile(e.g., placing light emitters having a first peak wavelengthdistribution) and configuring a second emission region 920 (e.g., aperipheral region) to provide light of a second hue profile (e.g.,placing light emitters having a second peak wavelength distribution thatis wider than the first peak wavelength distribution, indicating thatthere is more variability in color of light emitted by the lightemitters in the second emission region 920 than the light emitters inthe first emission region 910) allows the use of light emitters of thesecond hue profile in the display panel 900 without compromising thecolor display quality of the display panel as perceived by the user. Insome cases, a third emission region 930 (e.g., another peripheralregion) is configured to provide light of a third hue profile (e.g.,placing light emitters having a third peak wavelength distribution thatis wider than the second peak wavelength distribution, indicating thatthere is more variability in color of light emitted by the lightemitters in the third emission region 930 than the light emitters in thesecond emission region 920).

In FIG. 9B, the second emission region 920 has a plurality of lightemitters configured to provide, for a target peak wavelength, two ormore peak wavelengths that are distinct from the peak wavelengthprovided by light emitters in the first emission region 910.

In FIG. 9B, a plurality of light emitters configured to emit light of atleast two representative colors is arranged in a respective emissionregion except for the first emission region 910. In some embodiments, afirst group of a plurality of light emitters in the first emissionregion 910 is configured to emit light of a first representative colorthat corresponds to a first color in the first color gamut. In someembodiments, light emitted from the first emission region 910 isperceived by a fovea of an eye as having a same first color (e.g., redcolor). In some embodiments, the second emission region 920 includes aplurality of light emitters that is configured to emit light having atleast two different colors. For example, the plurality of light emittersin the second emission region 920 includes a second group of at leastone light emitter and a third group of at least one light emitter. Insome embodiments, the second group of at least one light emitter (e.g.,light emitter 922) is configured to emit light having a secondrepresentative color (e.g., orange) that is distinct from the firstrepresentative color, and the third group of at least one light emitter(e.g., light emitter 924) that is configured to emit light having athird representative color (e.g., orange-red) that is distinct from thefirst representative color and the second representative color. In someembodiments, light emitters of the second group are interspersed withlight emitters of the third group in the second emission region 920. Insome embodiments, the second representative color and the thirdrepresentative color are within the second color gamut.

In some embodiments, the third emission region 930 includes a pluralityof light emitters that is configured to emit light having at least twodifferent representative colors. For example, the plurality of lightemitters includes a fourth group of at least one light emitter and afifth group of at least one light emitter. In some embodiments, thefourth group of at least one light emitter (e.g., light emitter 932) isconfigured to emit light having a fourth representative color (e.g.,yellow-orange) that is distinct from the first representative color, thesecond representative color, and the third representative color. In someembodiments, the fifth group of at least one light emitter (e.g., lightemitter 934) that is configured to emit light having a fifthrepresentative color (e.g., orange-brown) that is distinct from thefirst representative color, the second representative color, the thirdrepresentative color and the fourth representative color. In someembodiments, light emitters of the fourth group are interspersed withlight emitters of the fifth group.

In some embodiments, the respective light emitter of the plurality oflight emitters in the third emission region 930 operates at a currentdensity that is distinct from the current density of the plurality oflight emitters in the first emission region 910 and the current densityof the plurality of light emitters in the second emission region 920.

FIG. 9C illustrates the display panel 900 having a plurality of emissionregions with different densities of a plurality of light emitters inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 9C is similar to FIG. 9A except that the first emission region 910and the second emission region 920 have different densities of lightemitters. As shown in FIG. 9C, a distance between two adjacent lightemitters in the second emission region 920 is greater than a distancebetween two adjacent light emitters in the first emission region 910. Insome embodiments, a size of a respective light emitter of the pluralityof light emitters in the second emission region 920 is greater than, orequal to a size of a respective light emitter of the plurality of lightemitters in the first emission region 910. For brevity, the detaileddescriptions of the plurality of light emitters in a respective emissionregion as described above with respect to FIG. 9A are not repeatedherein.

FIG. 9D illustrates a plurality of pixels of the display panel 900 inaccordance with some embodiments.

In FIG. 9D, a size of a respective light emitter of the plurality oflight emitters in a peripheral emission region 960 (e.g., the secondemission region 920, the third emission region 930, etc.) is greaterthan a size of a respective light emitter of the plurality of lightemitter in a central emission region 950 (e.g., the first emissionregion 910) of the display panel. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG.9D, a pixel in the peripheral emission region 960 is larger than a pixelin the central emission region 950. In some embodiments, as shown inFIG. 9D, subpixels in the peripheral emission region 960 are larger thansubpixels in the central emission region 950. In FIG. 9D, item 952 is anenlarged view of a respective pixel of a plurality of pixels in thefirst emission region 950, and item 962 is an enlarged view of arespective pixel of a plurality of pixels in the second emission region960. In FIG. 9D, the pixel 952 includes four subpixels (e.g., one redsubpixel, two green subpixels, and one blue subpixel). In someembodiments, as shown in FIG. 9D, the pixel 962 has a same number ofsubpixels as the number of subpixels in the pixel 952 (e.g., foursubpixels). In some embodiments, the subpixels of the pixel 952 havecolors different from the colors of the four subpixels of the pixel 950(e.g., as described above with respect to FIGS. 9A and 9B, the colorsprovided by the subpixels of the pixel 952 are further away from targetcolors than the colors provided by the subpixels of the pixel 962).

In some embodiments, a display panel has one dimensional display layoutthat includes a plurality of emission regions to provide images indifferent color gamuts. FIGS. 10A-10F illustrate a display panel 1000having the one dimensional layout that includes a plurality of emissionregions in accordance with some embodiments.

Although FIGS. 9A-9D illustrate display panels with discrete regions (orregions having discrete color gamuts), in some embodiments, a displaypanel with a plurality of regions having continuously varying colorgamuts is used. For example, two adjacent regions having discrete colorgamuts have color gamut weight values that differ by at least 0.1,whereas two adjacent regions having continuously varying color gamutshave color gamut weight values that differ by less than 0.1.

FIG. 10A illustrates the display panel 1000 having the one dimensionaldisplay layout in accordance with some embodiments.

The display panel 1000 is similar to the display panel illustrated inFIGS. 5-6 and 9A-9D except that the display panel 1000 has aone-dimensional display layout that includes at least one linear arrayof the plurality of light emitters (e.g., light emitters of a same colorextend only along a single direction).

In FIG. 10A, the display panel 1000 includes a first emission region1040 for a foveal vision, and one or more (e.g., two) second emissionregions 1050 and one or more (e.g., two) third emission regions 1060 fora peripheral vision. In some embodiments, the display panel 1000 hasadditional emission regions for the peripheral vision (e.g., one or morefourth emission regions, one or more fifth emission regions, etc.).Although FIG. 10A illustrates that the number of second emission regionsand third emission regions is 2, respectively, the number is not limited2 (e.g., 3, 4, etc.). In some embodiments, the first emission region1040 is located between the one or more second emission regions 1050. Insome embodiments, a respective second emission region of the one or moresecond emission region 1050 is located the first emission region 1040and a respective third emission region of the one or more third emissionregions 1060. For brevity, the detailed descriptions of color gamuts anda plurality of light emitters in a respective emission region describedabove with respect to FIG. 5 are not repeated herein.

A plurality of light emitters arranged in the first emission region 1040includes a first group of two or more light emitters (e.g., a lightemitter 1012) having a first representative color and a second group oftwo or more light emitters (e.g., a light emitter 1022) having a secondrepresentative color, where the first representative color and thesecond representative color correspond to a first color gamut. The firstrepresentative color is distinct from the second representative color.In some embodiments, the plurality of light emitters in the one or moresecond emission regions 1050, that corresponds to a second color gamut,includes a third group of one or more light emitters (e.g., a lightemitter 1014) having a third representative color and a fourth group ofone or more light emitters (e.g., a light emitter 1024) having a fourthrepresentative color. The third representative color is distinct fromthe fourth representative color. For brevity, the detailed descriptionsof a respective representative color described above with respect toFIG. 5 are not repeated herein.

In some embodiments, the plurality of light emitters in the firstemission region 1040 further includes a fifth group of two or more lightemitters (e.g., a light emitter 1032) that has a fifth representativecolor. In some embodiments, the fifth representative color is distinctfrom the first representative color and the second representative color.In some embodiments, the plurality of light emitters in the one or moresecond emission regions 1050 further includes a sixth group of one ormore light emitters (e.g., a light emitter 1034) that has a sixthrepresentative color. In some embodiments, the sixth representativecolor is distinct from the first representative color, the thirdrepresentative color, and the fourth representative color.

In some embodiments, the display panel 1000 includes a first lineararray 1010, a second linear array 1020, and a third linear array 1030.Although FIG. 10A illustrates three linear arrays, the display panel1000 may have fewer or more than three linear arrays (e.g., 1, 2 or atleast 4, 5, 6 or 7 linear arrays, etc.). As shown in FIG. 10A, thesecond linear array 1020 is located between the first linear array 1010and the third linear array 1030. In some embodiments, the first lineararray 1010 extends in a first direction, the second linear array 1020extends in the first direction, and the second linear array 1020 isoffset from the first linear array 1010 in a second direction that isnon-parallel (e.g., perpendicular) to the first direction. In someembodiments, the third linear array 1030 extends in the first directionand is offset from the first linear array 1010 and the second lineararray 1020 in a third direction that is non-parallel (e.g.,perpendicular) to the first direction. In some embodiments, the thirddirection is parallel to the second direction.

In some embodiments, at least one linear array includes at least asubset of light emitters of a plurality of light emitters arranged indifferent emission regions. As shown in FIG. 10A, the first linear array1010 includes the two or more light emitters 1012 of the first grouparranged in the first emission region 1040 and the one or more lightemitters 1014 of the third group in the respective second emissionregion of the one or more second emission regions 1050. In someembodiments, the first linear array 1010 further includes one or morelight emitters (e.g., a light emitter 1016) of a seventh group in therespective third emission region of the one or more third emissionregions 1060 that has a seventh representative color. In someembodiments, the seventh representative color is distinct from the firstrepresentative color and the third representative color. In someembodiments, the second linear array 1020 includes the two or more lightemitters 1022 of the second group in the first emission region 1040 andthe one or more light emitters 1024 of the fourth group in therespective second emission region of the one or more second emissionregions 1050. In some embodiments, the second linear array 1020 furtherincludes one or more light emitters arranged in the respective thirdemission region of the one or more third emission regions 1060 that havea different representative color from the two or more light emitters1022 of the second group and the one or more light emitters 1024 of thefourth group. In some embodiments, the third linear array 1030 includesthe two or more light emitters 1032 of the fifth group in the firstemission region 1040 and the one or more light emitters 1034 of thesixth group in the respective second emission region of the one or morethree emission regions 1050. The third linear array 1030 furtherincludes one or more light emitters arranged in the respective thirdemission region of the one or more third emission regions 1060 that havea different representative color from the two or more light emitters1032 of the fifth group and the one or more light emitters 1034 of thesixth group.

As described above with respect to FIG. 6 and FIG. 9C, a respectiveemission region may have a different density of light emitters. In somecases, this allows providing a high region image in the first emissionregion 1040 and reducing power consumption in at least one peripheralemission region (e.g., the one or more second emission regions 1050, thetwo third emission regions 1060, etc.).

FIG. 10B illustrates the display panel 1000 having a plurality ofemission regions that have different densities of light emitters inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10B is similar to FIG. 10A except that the one or more secondemission regions 1050, and the one or more third emission regions 1060have different density or densities of light emitters from the densityof light emitters in the first emission region 1040. In someembodiments, a density of light emitters in an emission region isdetermined from a distance between at least two light emitters that areadjacent to each other in the same emission region (e.g., two adjacentlight emitters in a same linear array). For example, a light emitter1012 and a light emitter 1013 of the first group of a plurality of lightemitters in the first emission region 1040, that are adjacent to eachother in the first linear array 1010, are spaced apart from each otherby a first distance. In some embodiments, two light emitters (e.g., alight emitter 1014 and light emitter 1015) of the third group of aplurality of light emitters in a respective second emission region ofthe one or more second emission regions 1050, that are adjacent to eachother in the first linear array 1010, are spaced apart from each otherby a second distance that is distinct from the first distance. In someembodiments, the second distance is greater than the first distance. Insome embodiments, a distance between the light emitter 1013 of the firstgroup in the first linear array 1010 and a light emitter 1022 of thesecond group in the second linear array 1020, that are adjacent to eachother in a vertical direction, is equal to a distance between the lightemitter 1014 of the third group in the first linear array 1010 and alight emitter 1024 of the fourth group in the second linear array 1020.In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10B, a respective linear array(e.g., the first linear array 1010, the second linear array 1020, or thethird linear array 1030, etc.) has a density of light emitters (or aspacing between light emitters) that varies from a center of therespective linear array corresponding to the first emission region 1040to a left or right side of the respective linear array corresponding toedges of the display panel 1000.

FIG. 10C illustrates the display panel 1000 having a plurality ofemission regions that has a different density of a plurality of lightemitters in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10C is similar to FIG. 10B except that the spacing between lightemitters of adjacent linear arrays differ in different emission regions.

In some embodiments, a density of light emitters in an emission regionis determined from a distance between at least two light emitters thatare adjacent to each other in a vertical direction (e.g., at least twolight emitters in different linear arrays) and a horizontal direction(e.g., at least two light emitters in a same linear array) in theemission region (or determined from an area that is a mathematicalproduct of the vertical distance and the horizontal distance). FIG. 10Cis similar to FIG. 10B except for two adjacent light emitters indifferent linear arrays in a respective emission region (e.g., the lightemitter 1013 in the first linear array 1010 and the light emitter 1022in the second linear array 1020) have a different distance. As shown inFIG. 10C, the light emitter 1013 of the first group in the first lineararray 1010 and the light emitter 1022 of the second group in the secondlinear array 1020, that are adjacent to each other in the verticaldirection in the first emission region 1040, are spaced apart from eachother by a first distance. In some embodiments, the light emitter 1012and the light emitter 1013 of the first group in the first linear array1010, that are adjacent to each other, are spaced apart from each otherby the first distance. In some embodiments, the light emitter 1014 ofthe third group in the first linear array 1010 and the light emitter1024 of the fourth group in the second linear array 1020, that areadjacent to each other in the vertical direction in the one or moresecond emission regions 1050, are spaced apart from each other by asecond distance that is distinct from the first distance. In someembodiments, the light emitter 1014 and the light emitter 1015 of thethird group in the first linear array 1010, that are adjacent to eachother, are spaced apart from each other by the second distance. In someembodiments, the second distance is greater than the first distance. Insome embodiments, a distance between at least two adjacent linear arrays(e.g., a distance between a first linear array and a second lineararray, or a distance between the second linear array and a third lineararray, etc.) increases from a center of the at least two adjacent lineararrays corresponding to the first emission region 1040 to a left orright side of the at least two adjacent linear arrays corresponding toedges of the display panel 1000.

FIG. 10D illustrates the display panel 1000 having a plurality of lightemitters in a respective linear layer that has different luminousefficacy in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10D is similar to FIG. 10A and illustrates a plurality of lightemitters having different luminous efficacies that is arranged in arespective linear array (e.g., the first linear array 1010, the secondlinear array 1020 or the third linear array 1030, etc.). As describedabove with respect to FIG. 5, light emitters configured to emit lightcorresponding to different color gamuts have different luminousefficacies and are arranged in different emission regions. For example,in the first linear array 1010, light emitters 1017 of a plurality oflight emitters in the first emission region 1040 (e.g., the first groupof two or more light emitters of the first group) have a differentluminous efficacy from light emitters 1018 of a plurality of lightemitters in the one or more second emission regions 1050 (e.g., one ormore light emitters of the third group). In some embodiments, the firstlinear array further includes light emitters 1018 of a plurality oflight emitters in the one or more third emission regions 1060 (e.g., oneor more light emitters of the seventh group) that have a luminousefficacy different from that of the two or more light emitters of thefirst group and the one or more light emitters of the third group.

FIG. 10E illustrates the display panel 1000 having a plurality of lightemitters in a respective linear layer that operate at different currentdensities in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10E is similar to FIG. 10A, except that FIG. 10E furtherillustrates a plurality of light emitters, operating at differentcurrent densities, is arranged in a respective linear array (e.g., thefirst linear array 1010, the second linear array 1020, or the thirdlinear array 1030, etc.). As described above with respect to FIG. 7, apeak wavelength of a respective light emitter can shift as a function of(e.g., based on) a current density of the respective light emitter. Inorder to provide images in different color gamuts, a plurality of lightemitters in a respective emission region operates at a respectivecurrent density. For example, light emitters 1017-1 of a plurality oflight emitters in the first emission region 1040 (e.g., two or morelight emitters of the first group) operate at a first current density,and light emitters 1018-1 of a plurality of light emitters in the one ormore second emission regions 1050 (e.g., one or more light emitters ofthe third group) operate at a second current density that is distinctfrom the first current density. In some embodiments, light emitters1019-1 of a plurality of light emitters in the one or more thirdemission regions 1060 (e.g., one or more light emitters of the seventhgroup) operate at a third current density that is distinct from thefirst current density and the second current density. As shown in FIG.10E, the first linear array 1010 includes the light emitters 1017-1, thelight emitters 1018-1, and the light emitters 1019-1 so that a currentdensity of the first linear array 1010 varies from a center of the firstlinear array corresponding to the first emission region 1040 to an edgeof the first linear array corresponding to edges of the display 1000.

FIG. 10F illustrates the display panel 1000 having a plurality of lightemitters in a respective linear layer that operates at different currentdensities in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10F is similar to FIGS. 10A and 10E except that a respective lineararray of a plurality of linear arrays has a different arrangement of aplurality of light emitters. As described above with respect to FIG.10E, a plurality of light emitters, that operates at different currentdensities, is positioned in different emission regions (e.g., the lightemitters 1071-1 in the first emission region 1040 as shown in FIG. 10E).In order to improve a color foveation, at least one peripheral region(e.g., the one or more second emission regions 1050, and the one or morethird emission regions 1060, etc.) has a different arrangement of aplurality of light emitters from a central emission region (e.g., thefirst emission region 1040). For example, a plurality of light emittersis arranged in a first configuration (e.g., having a first spacingbetween light emitters) in the first emission region 1040 for a fovealvision, while a plurality of light emitters is arranged in a secondconfiguration (e.g., having a second spacing between light emitters, thesecond spacing being distinct from the first spacing) in the secondemission region 1050. As shown in FIG. 10F, the first emission region1040 includes the same number of light emitters arranged in a respectiverow (e.g., 5 light emitters 1011, 5 light emitters 1021, 5 lightemitters 1031) that corresponds to a respective linear array (e.g., thefirst linear array 1010 in a first row, the second linear array 1020 ina second row, or the third linear array 1030 in a third row). In someembodiments, the respective second emission region of the one or moresecond emission regions 1050 includes the different number of lightemitters arranged in a respective row (e.g., 3 light emitters 1014-1 ina first row, 6 light emitters including 3 light emitters 1023, and 3light emitters 1025 in a second row) that corresponds to a respectivelinear array (e.g., the first linear array 1010, the second linear array1020, or the third linear array 1030, etc.). As shown in FIG. 10F, lightemitters 1014-1 in the first row of the one or more second emissionregions 1050 are placed by a distance that is greater than a distancebetween two adjacent light emitters (e.g., a light emitter 1023, and alight emitter 1025) arranged in the second row of the one or more secondemission regions 1050. In some embodiments, no light emitter may bearranged in the third row of the one or more second emission regions1050.

In some embodiments, the first linear array includes the light emitters1011 of a plurality of light emitters arranged in the first emissionregion 1040 (e.g., the two or more light emitters of the first group),the light emitters 1014-1 of a plurality of light emitters in the one ormore second emission regions 1050 (e.g., the one or more light emittersof the third group), and at least one subset of a plurality of lightemitters (e.g., the one or more light emitters of the seventh group) inthe one or more third emission regions 1060. In some embodiments, thelight emitters 1011 in the first emission region 1040 operate at adifferent current density from the light emitters 1014-1 in the one ormore second emission regions 1050. Additionally, a distance between twoadjacent light emitters of the light emitters 1011 in the first emissionregion 1040 is less than a distance between two adjacent light emittersof the light emitters 1014-1 in the one or more second emission regions1050.

In some embodiments, the second linear array 1020 includes lightemitters 1021 of the plurality of light emitters (e.g., the two or morelight emitters of the second group) in the first emission region 1040,light emitters 1023 (e.g., the two or more light emitters of the fourthgroup) and light emitters 1025 of the plurality of light emitters in theone or more second emission regions 1050, and at least one subset of theplurality of light emitters in the one or more third emission regions1060. In some embodiments, a representative color (e.g., the fourthrepresentative color) of the light emitters 1023 is different from arepresentative color of the light emitters 1025 so that a colorcorresponding to light emitted by the light emitters 1023 is differentfrom a color corresponding to light emitted by the light emitters 1025.In some embodiments, the representative color of the light emitters 1025is equal to sixth representative color of the one or more light emittersof the sixth group as described above with respect to FIGS. 10A-10E. Insome embodiments, the light emitters 1023 operates at a differentcurrent density from the light emitters 1025.

In some embodiments, the third linear array 1030 includes light emitters1030 of the plurality of light emitters (e.g., the two or more lightemitters of the fifth group) in the first emission region 1040.Although, the third linear array 1030 includes less light emitters thanother linear arrays, the display panel 1000 can support the same colorfoveation as described with respect to FIGS. 10A-10E by adding the lightemitters 1025 in the second linear array 1020.

FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of making a displaydevice in accordance with some embodiments.

The method includes arranging (1100) a plurality of light emitters, thatcorresponds to a first color gamut, in a first emission region (e.g.,the first emission region 510 in FIG. 5, the first emission region 610in FIG. 6, the first emission region 910 in FIGS. 9A-9C, the firstemission region 950 in FIG. 9D, the first emission region 1040 in FIGS.10A-10F) of a display panel (e.g., the display panel 500 in FIGS. 5-6,the display panel 900 in FIGS. 9A-9D, the display panel 1000 in FIGS.10A-10F) having a plurality of emission regions. The method furtherincludes arranging (1100) a plurality of light emitters, thatcorresponds to a second color gamut, in one or more second emissionregions (e.g., the second emission region 520 in FIG. 5, the secondemission region 620 in FIG. 6, the second emission region 920 in FIGS.9A-9C, the second emission region 960 in FIG. 9D, the one or more secondemission region 1050 in FIGS. 10A-10F) of the display panel (e.g., thedisplay panel 500 in FIGS. 5-6, the display panel 900 in FIGS. 9A-9D,the display panel 1000 in FIGS. 10A-10F). The first emission region isdistinct from and mutually exclusive to the one or more second emissionregions, and the one or more second emission regions are disposedadjacent to the first emission region. The first color gamut is distinctfrom the second color gamut as described with respect to FIG. 4.

In light of these principles, we turn to certain embodiments.

In accordance with some embodiments, a display device includes a displaypanel configured to project light. The display panel has a plurality ofemission regions that includes a first emission region and one or moresecond emission regions (e.g., FIGS. 5-6, FIGS. 8A-8D, and FIGS.10A-10F). The first emission region is distinct from and mutuallyexclusive to the one or more second emission regions and the one or moresecond emission regions are disposed adjacent to the first emissionregion. The display device includes a plurality of light emitters,arranged in the first emission region, corresponding to a first colorgamut and a plurality of light emitters, arranged in the one or moresecond emission regions, corresponding to a second color gamut (e.g.,FIGS. 5-6, FIGS. 8A-8D, FIGS. 10A-10F). The second color gamut isdistinct from the first color gamut (e.g., FIG. 4).

In some embodiments, the plurality of light emitters, arranged in thefirst emission region, includes at least a first group of two or morelight emitters and a second group of two or more light emitters (e.g.,FIGS. 5-10F). The two or more light emitters of the first group have afirst representative color and the two or more light emitters of thesecond group have a second representative color that is distinct fromthe first representative color (e.g., FIGS. 5-10F). A respective secondemission region of the one or more second emission regions includes athird group of one or more light emitters and a fourth group of one ormore light emitters configured to emit light (e.g., FIGS. 5-10F). Theone or more light emitters of the third group have a thirdrepresentative color that is distinct from the first representativecolor and the second representative color (e.g., FIGS. 5-10F). The oneor more light emitters of the fourth group have a fourth representativecolor that is distinct from the first representative color and the thirdrepresentative color (e.g., FIGS. 5-10F).

In some embodiments, the plurality of light emitters, arranged in thefirst emission region, includes a fifth group of two or more lightemitters configured to emit light. The two or more light emitters of thefifth group have a fifth representative color that is distinct from thefirst representative color and the second representative color (e.g.,FIGS. 5-10F). The respective second emission region of the one or moresecond emission regions includes a sixth group of one or more lightemitters configured to emit light. The one or more light emitters of thesixth group have a sixth representative color that is distinct from thefirst representative color, the third representative color, and thefourth representative color (e.g., FIGS. 5-10F).

In some embodiments, the two or more light emitters of the first grouphave emission wavelengths in a first wavelength range and the two ormore light emitters of the second group have emission wavelengths in asecond wavelength range that is distinct from the first wavelength range(e.g., FIG. 5). The one or more light emitters of the third group haveemission wavelengths in a third wavelength range and the one or morelight emitters of the fourth group have emission wavelengths in a fourthwavelength range that is distinct from the third wavelength range (e.g.,FIG. 5).

In some embodiments, the third wavelength range is distinct from thefirst wavelength range (e.g., FIG. 5).

In some embodiments, the first group of two or more light emitterscorresponds to (or have) a first luminous efficacy and the third groupof two or more light emitters corresponds to (or have) a second luminousefficacy that is distinct from the first luminous efficacy (e.g., FIG.5).

In some embodiments, a respective light emitter of the first group oftwo or more light emitters operates at a current density that is lessthan a current density at which a respective light emitter of the thirdgroup of one or more light emitters operates (e.g., FIGS. 7-8D).

In some embodiments, a size of a light emitter of the plurality of lightemitters in the first emission region is less than a size of a lightemitter of the plurality of light emitters in the one or more secondemission regions (e.g., FIG. 6).

In some embodiments, at least two adjacent light emitters of theplurality of light emitters in the first emission region are spacedapart from each other by a first distance that is less than a distancebetween two light emitters of the plurality of light emitters, that areadjacent to each other, in the one or more second emission regions(e.g., FIGS. 6, 9A-9D, and 10A-10F).

In some embodiments, the display panel has two second emission regions,and the first emission region is located between the two second emissionregions. The two or more light emitters of the first group in the firstemission region and the one or more light emitters of the third group ineach second emission region are arranged to form a first linear array(e.g., FIGS. 10A-10F). The two or more light emitters of the secondgroup in the first emission region and the one or more light emitters ofthe fourth group in each second emission region are arranged to form asecond linear array that is distinct and separate from the first lineararray (e.g., FIGS. 10A-10F).

In some embodiments, the plurality of light emitters, arranged in thefirst emission region, includes a fifth group of two or more lightemitters configured to emit light. The two or more light emitters of thefifth group have a fifth representative color that is distinct from thefirst representative color and the second representative color (e.g.,FIGS. 10A-10E). The respective second emission region of the one or moresecond emission regions includes a sixth group of one or more lightemitters configured to emit light. The one or more light emitters of thesixth group have a sixth representative color that is distinct from thefirst representative color, the third representative color, and thefourth representative color (e.g., FIGS. 5, and 10A-10E). The two ormore light emitters of the fifth group in the first emission region andthe one or more light emitters of the sixth group in each secondemission region are arranged to form a third linear array that isdistinct and separate from the first linear array and the second lineararray (e.g., FIGS. 5, and 10A-10E).

In some embodiments, the plurality of light emitters, arranged in thefirst emission region, includes a fifth group of two or more lightemitters configured to emit light. The two or more light emitters of thefifth group have a fifth representative color that is distinct from thefirst representative color and the second representative color (e.g.,FIGS. 5, and 10F). The respective second emission region of the one ormore second emission regions includes a sixth group of one or more lightemitters configured to emit light. The one or more light emitters of thesixth group have a sixth representative color that is distinct from thefirst representative color, the third representative color, and thefourth representative color (e.g., FIGS. 5, and 10F). The two or morelight emitters of the second group in the first emission region, the oneor more light emitters of the fourth group in each second emissionregion, and the one or more light emitters of the sixth group arearranged to form the second linear array (e.g., FIGS. 5, and 10F). Thetwo or more light emitters of the fifth group in the first emissionregion are arranged to form a third linear array that is distinct andseparate from the first linear array and the second linear array (e.g.,FIGS. 5, and 10F).

In some embodiments, a brightness of the light emitted from the one ormore second emission regions is less than a brightness of light emittedfrom the first emission region (e.g., FIGS. 8A-8E).

In some embodiments, the first emission region is surrounded by the oneor more second emission regions (e.g., FIGS. 5-6, and 9A-9D).

In some embodiments, the first emission region includes a plurality ofpixels, each pixel including two or more light emitters and the secondemission region includes a plurality of pixels, each pixel including twoor more light emitters (e.g., FIG. 5). The display device is configuredto receive first color information for a pixel in the first emissionregion and second color information for a pixel in the one or moresecond emission regions (e.g., FIG. 5). The display device is configuredto process the second color information to obtain third colorinformation based at least on the second color gamut for the one or moresecond emission regions and cause one or more light emitters of thepixel in the one or more second emission regions to emit light based onthe third color information instead of the second color information(e.g., FIG. 5).

In some embodiments, the display device is configured to cause one ormore light emitters of the pixel in the first emission region to emitlight based on the first color information (e.g., FIG. 5).

In accordance with some embodiments, a method of making a display deviceincludes arranging a plurality of light emitters, that corresponds to afirst color gamut, in a first emission region of a display panel havinga plurality of emission regions and arranging a plurality of lightemitters, that corresponds to a second color gamut, in one or moresecond emission regions of the display panel (e.g., FIG. 11). The firstemission region is distinct from and mutually exclusive to the one ormore second emission regions and the one or more second emission regionsare disposed adjacent to the first emission region (e.g., FIGS. 5-10F).The first color gamut is distinct from the second color gamut (e.g.,FIG. 4).

In accordance with some embodiments, a display device includes a displaypanel configured to project light. The display panel has a plurality ofemission regions that includes a first emission region (e.g., region 910in FIG. 9E), one or more second emission regions (e.g., region 920 inFIG. 9E), and one or more third emission regions (e.g., region 930 inFIG. 9E). The first emission region is distinct from and mutuallyexclusive to the one or more second emission regions and the one or morethird emission regions. Each second emission region is distinct from andmutually exclusive to the one or more third emission regions. The one ormore second emission regions are disposed adjacent to the first emissionregion and the one or more third emission regions. A plurality of lightemitters, arranged in the first emission region, corresponding to afirst color gamut. A plurality of light emitters, arranged in the one ormore third emission regions, corresponding to a second color gamut thatis distinct from the first color gamut. The one or more second emissionregions include a first plurality of light emitters corresponding to thefirst color gamut and a second plurality of light emitters correspondingto the second color gamut.

In some embodiments, a respective second emission region includes afirst sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emission region 922-1 in FIG. 9E),a second sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emission region 922-2 in FIG.9E), a third sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emission region 922-3 inFIG. 9E), and a fourth sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emission region922-4 in FIG. 9E) that are distinct from, and mutually exclusive to oneanother. The second sub-emission region is located between the firstsub-emission region and the third sub-emission region, and the thirdsub-emission region is located between the second sub-emission regionand the fourth sub-emission region. The second plurality of lightemitters is arranged in the first sub-emission region and the thirdsub-emission region, and the first plurality of light emitters isarranged in the second sub-emission region and the fourth sub-emissionregion.

In some embodiments, the first sub-emission region, the secondsub-emission region, the third sub-emission region, and the fourthsub-emission region collectively correspond to a third color gamut thatis distinct from the first color gamut and the second color gamut (e.g.,the average color gamut over the first sub-emission region, the secondsub-emission region, the third sub-emission region, and the fourthsub-emission region is distinct from the first color gamut and thesecond color gamut).

In some embodiments, the respective second emission region also includesa fifth sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emission region 922-5 in FIG.9F), a sixth sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emission region 922-6 inFIG. 9F), a seventh sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emission region 922-7in FIG. 9F), and an eighth sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emissionregion 922-8 in FIG. 9F) that are distinct from, and mutually exclusiveto, one another. In addition, the fifth sub-emission region, the sixthsub-emission region, the seventh sub-emission region, and the eighthsub-emission region are distinct from, and mutually exclusive to, thefirst sub-emission region, the second sub-emission region, the thirdsub-emission region, and the fourth sub-emission region. The sixthsub-emission region is located between the fifth sub-emission region andthe seventh sub-emission region, and the seventh sub-emission region islocated between the sixth sub-emission region and the eighthsub-emission region. The second plurality of light emitters is alsoarranged in the fifth sub-emission region and the seventh sub-emissionregion, and the first plurality of light emitters is also arranged inthe sixth sub-emission region and the eighth sub-emission region.

In some embodiments, the fifth sub-emission region, the sixthsub-emission region, the seventh sub-emission region, and the eighthsub-emission region collectively correspond to a fourth color gamut thatis distinct from the first color gamut, the second color gamut, and thethird color gamut (e.g., the average color gamut over the fifthsub-emission region, the sixth sub-emission region, the seventhsub-emission region, and the eighth sub-emission region is distinct fromthe first color gamut, the second color gamut, and the third colorgamut).

In some embodiments, a ratio of an area of the first sub-emission regionand an area of the second sub-emission region is distinct from a ratioof an area of the fifth sub-emission region and an area of the sixthsub-emission region. For example, in some cases, the area of the firstsub-emission region is smaller than the area of the second sub-emissionregion, and the area of the fifth sub-emission region is greater thanthe area of the sixth sub-emission region. In another example, the areaof the first sub-emission region is smaller than the area of the secondsub-emission region, and the area of the fifth sub-emission region isthe same as the area of the sixth sub-emission region. In yet anotherexample, the area of the first sub-emission region is the same as thearea of the second sub-emission region, and the area of the fifthsub-emission region is greater than the area of the sixth sub-emissionregion.

In some embodiments, the ratio of the area of the first sub-emissionregion and the area of the second sub-emission region is the same as aratio of an area of the third sub-emission region and an area of thefourth sub-emission region. In some embodiments, the ratio of the areaof the fifth sub-emission region and the area of the sixth sub-emissionregion is the same as a ratio of an area of the seventh sub-emissionregion and an area of the eighth sub-emission region. In someembodiments, the ratio of the area of the first sub-emission region andthe area of the second sub-emission region is distinct from the ratio ofthe area of the third sub-emission region and the area of the fourthsub-emission region. In some embodiments, the ratio of the area of thefifth sub-emission region and the area of the sixth sub-emission regionis distinct from the ratio of the area of the seventh sub-emissionregion and the area of the eighth sub-emission region.

In some embodiments, the respective second emission region furtherincludes a ninth sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emission region 922-9 inFIG. 9F), a tenth sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emission region 922-10in FIG. 9F), an eleventh sub-emission region (e.g., sub-emission region922-11 in FIG. 9F), and a twelfth sub-emission region (e.g.,sub-emission region 922-12 in FIG. 9F) that are distinct from, andmutually exclusive to, one another. In addition, the ninth sub-emissionregion, the tenth sub-emission region, the eleventh sub-emission region,and the twelfth sub-emission region are distinct from, and mutuallyexclusive to, the first sub-emission region, the second sub-emissionregion, the third sub-emission region, and the fourth sub-emissionregion. The tenth sub-emission region is located between the ninthsub-emission region and the eleventh sub-emission region, and theeleventh sub-emission region is located between the tenth sub-emissionregion and the twelfth sub-emission region. The second plurality oflight emitters is further arranged in the ninth sub-emission region andthe eleventh sub-emission region, and the first plurality of lightemitters is further arranged in the tenth sub-emission region and thetwelfth sub-emission region.

In some embodiments, the ninth sub-emission region, the tenthsub-emission region, the eleventh sub-emission region, and the twelfthsub-emission region collectively correspond to a fifth color gamut thatis distinct from the first color gamut, the second color gamut, thethird color gamut, and the fourth color gamut (e.g., the average colorgamut over the ninth sub-emission region, the tenth sub-emission region,the eleventh sub-emission region, and the twelfth sub-emission region isdistinct from the first color gamut, the second color gamut, the thirdcolor gamut, and the fourth color gamut).

In some embodiments, the ratio of an area of the first sub-emissionregion and an area of the second sub-emission region is distinct fromthe ratio of an area of the fifth sub-emission region and an area of thesixth sub-emission region and a ratio of an area of the ninthsub-emission region and an area of the tenth sub-emission region, andthe ratio of an area of the fifth sub-emission region and an area of thesixth sub-emission region and the ratio of the area of the ninthsub-emission region and the area of the tenth sub-emission region. Forexample, in some cases, the area of the first sub-emission region issmaller than the area of the second sub-emission region, the area of thefifth sub-emission region is the same as the area of the sixthsub-emission region, and the area of the ninth sub-emission region isgreater than the area of the tenth sub-emission region.

The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has beendescribed with reference to specific embodiments. However, theillustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or tolimit the scope of the claims to the precise forms disclosed. Manymodifications and variations are possible in view of the aboveteachings. The embodiments were chosen in order to best explain theprinciples underlying the claims and their practical applications, tothereby enable others skilled in the art to best use the embodimentswith various modifications as are suited to the particular usescontemplated.

What is claimed is:
 1. A display device, comprising: a display panelconfigured to project light, the display panel having a plurality ofemission regions that includes a first emission region and one or moresecond emission regions, wherein: the first emission region is distinctfrom and mutually exclusive to the one or more second emission regions;the first emission region is surrounded by the one or more secondemission regions; and the one or more second emission regions aredisposed adjacent to the first emission region; a plurality of lightemitting diodes, arranged in the first emission region, corresponding toa first color profile, the first color profile including at least twodistinct colors; and a plurality of light emitting diodes, arranged inthe one or more second emission regions, corresponding to a second colorprofile that is distinct from the first color profile, wherein: theplurality of light emitting diodes, arranged in the first emissionregion, includes at least: a first group of two or more light emittingdiodes configured to emit light, the two or more light emitting diodesof the first group having a first chromaticity; and a second group oftwo or more light emitting diodes configured to emit light, the two ormore light emitting diodes of the second group having a secondchromaticity that is distinct from the first chromaticity; and arespective second emission region of the one or more second emissionregions includes: a third group of one or more light emitting diodesconfigured to emit light, the one or more light emitting diodes of thethird group having a third chromaticity that is different from, andadjacent to, the first chromaticity; and a fourth group of one or morelight emitting diodes configured to emit light, the one or more lightemitting diodes of the fourth group having a fourth chromaticity that isdifferent from, and adjacent to, the second chromaticity and distinctfrom the first chromaticity and the third chromaticity.
 2. The displaydevice of claim 1, wherein: the plurality of light emitting diodes,arranged in the first emission region, includes: a fifth group of two ormore light emitting diodes configured to emit light, the two or morelight emitting diodes of the fifth group having a fifth chromaticitythat is distinct from the first chromaticity and the secondchromaticity; and the respective second emission region of the one ormore second emission regions includes: a sixth group of one or morelight emitting diodes configured to emit light, the one or more lightemitting diodes of the sixth group having a sixth chromaticity that isdistinct from the first chromaticity, the third chromaticity, and thefourth chromaticity.
 3. The display device of claim 1, wherein: the twoor more light emitting diodes of the first group have emissionwavelengths in a first wavelength range; the two or more light emittingdiodes of the second group have emission wavelengths in a secondwavelength range that is distinct from the first wavelength range; theone or more light emitting diodes of the third group have emissionwavelengths in a third wavelength range; and the one or more lightemitting diodes of the fourth group have emission wavelengths in afourth wavelength range that is distinct from the third wavelengthrange.
 4. The display device of claim 3, wherein the third wavelengthrange is distinct from the first wavelength range.
 5. The display deviceof claim 1, wherein the first group of two or more light emitting diodescorresponds to a first luminous efficacy and the third group of one ormore light emitting diodes corresponds to a second luminous efficacythat is distinct from the first luminous efficacy.
 6. The display deviceof claim 1, wherein the display panel further includes: the firstemission region is in contact with the one or more second emissionregions.
 7. The display device of claim 1, wherein: a respective lightemitting diodes of the first group of two or more light emitting diodesoperates at a current density that is less than a current density atwhich a respective light emitting diode of the third group of one ormore light emitting diodes operates.
 8. The display device of claim 1,wherein: the display panel is configured to provide a first currentdensity for the first group of two or more light emitting diodes; andthe display panel is configured to provide, for the third group of oneor more light emitting diodes, a second current density at a first timeand a third current density that is distinct from the second currentdensity at a second time that is distinct from the first time.
 9. Thedisplay device of claim 1, wherein a size of a light emitting diode ofthe plurality of light emitting diodes in the first emission region isless than a size of a light emitting diodes of the plurality of lightemitting diodes in the one or more second emission regions.
 10. Thedisplay device of claim 1, wherein: at least two adjacent light emittingdiodes of the plurality of light emitting diodes in the first emissionregion are spaced apart from each other by a first distance that is lessthan a distance between two light emitting diodes of the plurality oflight emitting diodes, that are adjacent to each other, in the one ormore second emission regions.
 11. The display device of claim 1,wherein: the display panel has two second emission regions; the firstemission region is located between the two second emission regions; thetwo or more light emitting diodes of the first group in the firstemission region and the one or more light emitting diodes of the thirdgroup in each second emission region are arranged to form a first lineararray; and the two or more light emitting diodes of the second group inthe first emission region and the one or more light emitting diodes ofthe fourth group in each second emission region are arranged to form asecond linear array that is distinct and separate from the first lineararray.
 12. The display device of claim 11, wherein: the plurality oflight emitting diodes, arranged in the first emission region, includes afifth group of two or more light emitting diodes configured to emitlight, the two or more light emitting diodes of the fifth group having afifth chromaticity that is distinct from the first chromaticity and thesecond chromaticity; the respective second emission region of the one ormore second emission regions includes a sixth group of one or more lightemitting diodes configured to emit light, the one or more light emittingdiodes of the sixth group having a sixth chromaticity that is distinctfrom the first chromaticity, the third chromaticity, and the fourthchromaticity; and the two or more light emitting diodes of the fifthgroup in the first emission region and the one or more light emittingdiodes of the sixth group in each second emission region are arranged toform a third linear array that is distinct and separate from the firstlinear array and the second linear array.
 13. The display device ofclaim 11, wherein: the plurality of light emitting diodes, arranged inthe first emission region, includes a fifth group of two or more lightemitting diodes configured to emit light, the two or more light emittingdiodes of the fifth group having a fifth chromaticity that is distinctfrom the first chromaticity and the second chromaticity; the respectivesecond emission region of the one or more second emission regionsincludes a sixth group of one or more light emitting diodes configuredto emit light, the one or more light emitting diodes of the sixth grouphaving a sixth chromaticity that is distinct from the firstchromaticity, the third chromaticity, and the fourth chromaticity; thetwo or more light emitting diodes of the second group in the firstemission region, the one or more light emitting diodes of the fourthgroup in each second emission region, and the one or more light emittingdiodes of the sixth group are arranged to form the second linear array;and the two or more light emitting diodes of the fifth group in thefirst emission region are arranged to form a third linear array that isdistinct and separate from the first linear array and the second lineararray.
 14. The display device of claim 1, wherein: a brightness of thelight emitted from the one or more second emission regions is less thana brightness of light emitted from the first emission region.
 15. Thedisplay device of claim 1, wherein: the first emission region includes aplurality of pixels, each pixel including two or more light emittingdiodes; the second emission region includes a plurality of pixels, eachpixel including two or more light emitting diodes; the display device isconfigured to receive first color information for a pixel in the firstemission region and second color information for a pixel in the one ormore second emission regions; and the display device is configured toprocess the second color information to obtain third color informationbased at least on the second color profile for the one or more secondemission regions and cause one or more light emitting diodes of thepixel in the one or more second emission regions to emit light based onthe third color information instead of the second color information. 16.The display device of claim 15, wherein: the display device isconfigured to cause one or more light emitting diodes of the pixel inthe first emission region to emit light based on the first colorinformation.
 17. The display device of claim 1, wherein the firstchromaticity and the second chromaticity correspond to a first colorgamut and the third chromaticity and the fourth chromaticity correspondto a second color gamut that is different from the first color gamut.18. A display device, comprising: a display panel configured to projectlight, the display panel having a plurality of emission regions thatincludes a first emission region and one or more second emissionregions, wherein: the first emission region is distinct from andmutually exclusive to the one or more second emission regions; the firstemission region is surrounded by the one or more second emissionregions; and the one or more second emission regions are disposedadjacent to the first emission region; a plurality of light emitters,arranged in the first emission region, corresponding to a first colorprofile, the first color profile including at least two distinct colors;and a plurality of light emitters, arranged in the one or more secondemission regions, corresponding to a second color profile that isdistinct from the first color profile, wherein: the plurality of lightemitters, arranged in the first emission region, includes at least: afirst group of two or more light emitters configured to emit light, thetwo or more light emitters of the first group having a firstchromaticity; and a second group of two or more light emittersconfigured to emit light, the two or more light emitters of the secondgroup having a second chromaticity that is distinct from the firstchromaticity; each light emitter of the first group of one or more lightemitters and the second group of one or more light emitters correspondsto a light emitter of a particular type; and the display panel isconfigured to concurrently provide (i) a first current density for thefirst group of one or more light emitters for emitting light of thefirst chromaticity and (ii) a second current density that is distinctfrom the first current density for the second group of one or more lightemitters for emitting light of the second chromaticity.
 19. A method ofmaking a display device, the method comprising: arranging a plurality oflight emitting diodes, that corresponds to a first color profile, in afirst emission region of a display panel having a plurality of emissionregions, the first color profile including at least two distinct colors;and arranging a plurality of light emitting diodes, that corresponds toa second color profile, in one or more second emission regions of thedisplay panel, wherein: the first emission region is distinct from andmutually exclusive to the one or more second emission regions; the firstemission region is surrounded by the one or more second emissionregions; and the one or more second emission regions are disposedadjacent to the first emission region, wherein: the first color profileis distinct from the second color profile; the plurality of lightemitting diodes, arranged in the first emission region, includes atleast: a first group of two or more light emitting diodes configured toemit light, the two or more light emitting diodes of the first grouphaving a first chromaticity; and a second group of two or more lightemitting diode configured to emit light, the two or more light emittingdiodes of the second group having a second chromaticity that is distinctfrom the first chromaticity; and a respective second emission region ofthe one or more second emission regions includes: a third group of oneor more light emitting diodes configured to emit light, the one or morelight emitting diodes of the third group having a third chromaticitythat is different from, and adjacent to, the first chromaticity; and afourth group of one or more light emitting diodes configured to emitlight, the one or more light emitting diodes of the fourth group havinga fourth chromaticity that is different from, and adjacent to, thesecond chromaticity and distinct from the first chromaticity and thethird chromaticity.